2003-2020年北京市昌平区居民恶性肿瘤死亡及趋势分析

Analysis on Mortality and Trend of Malignant Tumor among Residents in Changping District of Beijing from 2003 to 2020

目的:了解北京市昌平区居民恶性肿瘤死亡状况及趋势,为预防和控制恶性肿瘤提供科学依据。方法:对昌平区18年来恶性肿瘤死亡资料进行统计分析,计算死亡率、标化死亡率、死因构成及年度变化百分比(annual percent change,APC)等指标。结果:2003-2020年全区恶性肿瘤死亡共13295人,占总死亡人数的21.97%,平均死亡率为134.45/10万,标化死亡率为105.39/10万,死亡率呈逐年上升趋势(P<0.05)。男性死亡率高于女性(χ^(2)=632.82,P<0.05);死亡率随年龄增长而上升,65岁前、后年龄组段人群的恶性肿瘤死亡比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=34154.01,P<0.05)。在恶性肿瘤的死亡顺位中居前10位的依次为肺癌、肝癌、肠癌、胃癌、食管癌、胰腺癌、乳腺癌、白血病、膀胱癌和脑癌,占恶性肿瘤死亡总数的81.16%。结论:2003-2020年北京市昌平区恶性肿瘤死亡呈上升趋势,死亡率随年龄增长而上升,男性恶性肿瘤死亡率高于女性,肺癌位于恶性肿瘤死亡的首位,女性乳腺癌呈上升趋势,女性食管癌呈下降趋势。建议应加强健康教育和健康促进,采取有效的干预措施,减少恶性肿瘤的发生及其引起的死亡,提高期望寿命,促进居民健康。

Objective:To know mortality and trend of malignant tumour in Changping District of Beijing,to provide scientific foundation in preventing and curing malignant tumour.Method:The death data of malignant tumors in Changping District in the past 18 years were statistically analyzed,and the mortality,standardized mortality,cause of death composition,annual percent change(APC)and other indicators were calculated.Result:From 2003 to 2020,13295 persons died of malignant tumors in the region,accounting for 21.97%of the total deaths,the average mortality was 134.45/100000,the standardized mortality rate was 105.39/100000,the mortality rate was increasing year by year(P<0.05).The mortality rate of males was higher than that of females(χ^(2)=632.82,P<0.05).Mortality increased with age,and there was a significant difference in malignant tumor deaths among people before and after 65 years of age(χ^(2)=34154.01,P<0.05).The top ten deaths from malignant tumors were lung cancer,liver cancer,bowel cancer,gastric cancer,esophageal cancer,pancreatic cancer,breast cancer,leukemia,bladder cancer and brain cancer,accounting for 81.16%of the total deaths from malignant tumors.Conclusion:From 2003 to 2020,the mortality rate of malignant tumors in Changping District of Beijing showed an increasing trend,and the mortality rate increased with age,the mortality rate of male malignant tumors was higher than that of female malignant tumors,lung cancer was the first malignant tumor death rate,while female breast cancer showed an increasing trend,and female esophageal cancer showed a decreasing trend.It is suggested that health education and health promotion should be strengthened,and effective intervention measures should be taken to reduce the occurrence and death caused by malignant tumors,improve the life expectancy and promote the health of residents.