数字时代奥林匹克标志合理使用标准的立法比较及经验启示

Legislative Comparison and Experience of the Standard for the Appropriate Use of Olympic Symbols in the Digital Era

我国《奥林匹克标志保护条例》只明确规定未经许可不得为商业目的使用奥标的内容,却未规定非奥标权利人基于非商业目的合理使用奥标的标准,这势必会造成奥标保护和非奥标权利人需求之间的矛盾。而随着数字时代的到来,与既往相比奥标的推广力度更大,途径更加多元,因此明确非奥标权利人能够在多大范围内自由使用奥标十分重要。通过考察美国、澳大利亚、英国等历届奥运举办国关于奥标保护的相关立法可以发现,这些国家在对奥标严格保护的同时也允许非奥标权利人在合理范围自由使用奥标并为之设定了具体标准。借鉴域外立法成功经验,我国应将《奥林匹克宪章》最新规定转化为国内法,灵活运用《奥林匹克标志保护条例》规定,明确划定奥标合理使用的类型和标准。

It is clearly concluded in the Regulations on the Protection of Olympic Symbols of China that no one may use Olympic symbols for commercial purposes without the authorization of the right holders.However,it does not specify the standard for non-Olympic symbol right holders using the Olympic symbols for non-business purpose,which is bound to cause contradictions between the protection of Olympic symbols and the needs of non-Olympic symbol right holders.With the advent of the digital era,the promotion of Olympic symbols has become greater than before,and the channels are more diverse.Therefore,it is very important to define the scope within which the non-Olympic symbol right holders can freely use the Olympic symbols.By examining the legislative status of the United States,Australia,United Kingdom and other previous Olympic host countries regarding the protection of Olympic symbols,it is indicated that while these countries strictly protected the Olympic symbols,they also allow the non-Olympic symbol right holders use Olympic symbols freely in a reasonable range and set specific standards for it.Drawing on the successful experience of foreign legislation,China should translate the latest provisions of the Olympic Charter into domestic law,flexibly apply the provisions of the Regulations on the Protection of Olympic Symbols,clearly delimit the types and standard of appropriate use of the Olympic symbols.