面向海水淡化脱硼的多级孔高内相乳液聚合材料的制备

Preparation of porous high internal phase emulsion polymeric material for desalination and boron removal

为了从海水中得到可用的淡水资源,缓解水资源短缺问题,制备兼备高吸附量和高吸附速率的多级孔材料,使用高内相乳液聚合法制备多级孔材料用于海水淡化除硼。首先制备带有邻羟基结构的大分子聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)作为表面活性剂,以N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为单体,1-羟基环己基苯基甲酮为引发剂,连续相为水相,分散相为甲苯,制备具有多级孔结构的吸附材料。结果表明:环氧丙醇与PEI反应成功,与低分子质量(M_(n)=600 g/mol)的PEI相比,较高分子质量的PEI(M_(n)=60000 g/mol)对于稳定水包油的高内相体系更有优势。多级孔材料对硼的吸附量随着硼初始浓度增加而增加,在硼初始质量浓度为300 mg/L时表现出较高的吸附量(2.32 mmol/g),吸附等温线呈S型,同时多级孔材料循环10次,再生率在80%以上。

In order to address water shortage and obtain fresh water from seawater,and prepare multistage porous materials with high adsorption capacity and adsorption rate,the high internal phase emulsion(HIPE)polymerization was used for the construction of multistage porous waterial by the boron used for seawater desalination.The macromolecule polyethylenimine(PEI)with adjacent hydroxyl structure was prepared as the surfactant,with N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide as the monomer,1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone as the initiator,water as continue phase and toluene as dispersed phase,then the adsorption material with multistage pore structure is prepared.The results showed that epoxy-propanol reacted successfully with PEI.Compared with PEI with lower molecular weight(M_(n)=600 g/mol),PEI with higher molecular weight(M_(n)=60000 g/mol)has more advantages for HIPE system of stable oil-in-water emulsion.The multistage porous material exhibited a superior adsorption capacity(2.32 mmol/g)with the initial boron concentration of 300 mg/L,and the adsorption isotherm was sigmoid.At the same time,the regeneration performance of the multistage porous material was up to 80%with 10 times of recycling.Through the method of HIPE polymerization,the efficient multistage porous material containing adjacent hydroxyl structure was successfully prepared for boron adsorption and removal.The material adsorption speed is fast,the regeneration efficiency is high,and it can be used in the process of boron removal in seawater desalination.