学龄期儿童青少年近视患者生存质量研究

A Study of Quality of Life in School-Age Children and Adolescents with Myopia

目的:研究学龄期儿童青少年近视患者及其父母的生存质量并分析其相关影响因素。方法:病例对照研究。运用中小学生视力相关生存质量量表和家长生存质量调查表对335例近视患者及其家长(近视组)和110例视力正常者及其家长(对照组)进行问卷调查,同时记录患者视力、近视度数等眼部信息及个体和家庭信息。采用独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析、多元线性回归分析等分析儿童青少年近视患者的量表得分及个体家庭因素和近视情况对生存质量的影响。结果:近视组儿童青少年视力相关生存质量量表得分为95.90±8.37,明显低于对照组(104.59±5.25),差异有统计学意义(t=5.73,P<0.001)。近视组家长生存质量调查表得分为46.85±13.61,对照组得分为60.59±6.57,2组差异有统计学意义(t=6.32,P<0.001)。近视戴镜的儿童青少年生存质量在生理功能维度和情感功能维度得分明显低于近视不戴镜者(t=2.17,P=0.034;t=2.31,P=0.024)。近视戴镜患者的家长生存质量调查表得分明显低于近视不戴镜患者的家长(t=2.56,P=0.013)。多元回归分析显示家庭年总收入是影响儿童青少年近视患者生存质量总量表得分的主要因素(b=2.91,t=2.16,P=0.035),家庭年总收入、课外艺术类课时是影响儿童青少年近视患者情感能力维度的主要因素(b=1.66,t=3.39,P=0.001;b=-3.19,t=-2.46,P=0.018),课外文化类课时是影响儿童青少年近视患者视功能和身体机能维度得分的主要因素(b=-0.84,t=-2.05,P=0.045)。结论:儿童青少年近视患者及其家长的生存质量明显差于视力正常者,尤其是配戴屈光矫正眼镜者。家庭经济状况是影响儿童青少年近视患者生存质量的主要因素。关注患儿生存质量可能改善其屈光矫正的合作程度。

Objective:To evaluate the quality of life of school-age children and adolescents with myopia as well as that of their parents,and to investigate its determining factors.Methods:This is a perspective case control study.Three hundred thirty-five children and adolescents with myopia(myopic group)and 110 age-matched children with normal vision(control group)were enrolled to evaluate their quality of life using the QOL questionnaire about vision for primary and middle school students(QVSS).The quality of life of their parents was assessed using the Pedeyes Q questionnaire.Ocular history,such as visual acuity and degree of myopia as well as social demographic information were recorded.An independent samples t-test,one-way ANOVA analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were performed to analyze the variables studied.Results:The mean score of the QVSS was 95.90±8.37 in the myopic group,which was significantly lower than that in the control group which was 104.59±5.25(t=5.73,P<0.001).Parents of children in the myopic group had lower scores on the Pedeyes Q questionnaire(46.85±13.61)than those in the control group(60.59±6.57),and the difference was statistically significant(t=6.32,P<0.001).Children with myopia who wore corrective glasses had a significantly lower score in the Physiological function subscale and Emotional function subscale than those who did not wear corrective glasses(t=2.17,P=0.034;t=2.31,P=0.024).Parents of children with myopia who wore corrective glasses had a lower Pedeyes Q score than those who did not(t=2.56,P=0.013).The results of multiple regression analysis suggested that family income was the main factor correlated with the total score of the scale(b=2.91,t=2.16,P=0.035),while the results of the Emotional subscale for children with myopia was mainly affected by family income and time spent in extracurricular art class(b=1.66,t=3.39,P=0.001;b=-3.19,t=-2.46,P=0.018).Time spent in extra-curricular cultural classes dominated the visual function and physical function dimensions score(b=-0.84,t=-2.05,P=0.045).Conclusions:Children and adolescents with myopia as well as their parents had a lower quality of life than those with emmetropia.Family economic status was a predominant factor influencing quality of life in children with myopia.Paying attention to quality of life may improve the cooperation of refractive correction.