21世纪语境中如何理解新加坡式“社会主义”道路探索?

How to Understand the Exploration of “Singapore-style Socialism” Road in the Context of the 21st Century?

20世纪四五十年代,为了反抗殖民主义、争取民族独立,新加坡的两个社会主义阵营(费边社会主义与左翼社会主义)曾经进行过合作。60年代后,随着人民行动党从中左政党转变为右翼政党,从人民行动党中分离出来的“社会主义阵线”的政治立场却越来越激进。然而,七八十年代,“社会主义阵线”影响式微,1988年加入新加坡工人党,标志着“社会主义阵线”在新加坡的政治实践宣告失败。在新加坡占主导地位的人民行动党则转变了自己的政治实践理念——从“费边社会主义”转向新加坡式“社会主义”。就实质而言,这不过是一种披着“社会主义”外衣的“国家资本主义”。尽管新加坡取得了令人瞩目的成就,并成为“亚洲四小龙”之首,但亚洲金融危机以后,尤其是21世纪以来,新加坡社会矛盾日益严重,新加坡式“社会主义”并不能从根本上解决新加坡社会危机。新加坡式“社会主义”道路探索的经验和教训,对中国特色社会主义建设具有借鉴和警示意义。

In the 1940s and 1950s,in order to resist colonialism and strive for national independence,two socialist camps in Singapore( Fabian socialism and left-wing socialism) once cooperated. After the 1960s,as the People’s Action Party changed from a center-left party to a right-wing party,the political position of the Barisan Sosialis,which was separated from the People’s Action Party,became more and more radical. However,in the 1970s and 1980s,the influence of the Barisan Sosialis gradually declined;joining the Singapore Workers’ Party in 1988 marked the failure of the Barisan Sosialis’ s political practice in Singapore. As for the dominant People’s Action Party in Singapore,it shifted its political practice from“Fabian socialism”to“Singapore-style socialism”. Although Singapore has made remarkable achievements and has become the first of the “Asian Tigers”,after the Asian financial crisis,especially since the 21st century,Singapore’s social contradictions have become increasingly serious. “Singapore-style socialism”cannot fundamentally solve the social crisis in Singapore. The experience and lessons from the exploration of the “Singapore-style socialism”road have reference and warning significance for the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics.