隧道横纵向通道组合模式下的人员疏散特性

Evacuation characteristics of the transverse and longitudinal channel combination mode in tunnel

针对城市隧道横纵向通道组合疏散方式,使用Pathfinder疏散模拟软件搭建疏散模型,计算得到疏散运动时间、各通道占用时间。并结合现场试验,分析较大通过能力的横通道对附近疏散滑梯/楼梯的影响,进一步探索不同疏散模式给人员疏散带来的影响变化。研究表明:与横向疏散相比,横纵向结合的疏散方式可以在保证疏散效率的同时,增大横通道间距,减少施工风险和成本;相比仅设置纵向疏散,增设横通道后可使大部分场景下的疏散时间缩短,且横纵向结合疏散对特殊人群更加友好,具有更强的人员疏散普适性;疏散人员附近各通道的通过能力差异会影响人员对通道的倾向性,导致通道占用时间的差异,可采用应急广播等方式进行疏散引导。

Aiming at the transverse and longitudinal evacuation mode of urban tunnel, the evacuation model is built by Pathfinder. The evacuation movement time and occupation time of each channel are calculated. Combined with a field test, the influence of the transverse channel with large capacity on the nearby evacuation slides/stairs is analyzed. The influence of different evacuation modes on the evacuation is further explored. The results are as follows: The combination of transverse and longitudinal evacuation allows longer spacing distance of transverse channels while ensuring the evacuation efficiency, thereby reducing the construction risk and cost. Compared with the pure longitudinal evacuation, the evacuation time of most scenes can be shortened by adding transverse channel, and the combination of transverse and longitudinal evacuation is more friendly to special populations and has stronger universality of evacuation.The ability difference of each channel near the evacuation personnel will affect the tendency of the evacuation channel, resulting in the differences of channel occupation time, and evacuation guidance like emergency broadcasting could be useful.