丛枝菌根真菌对茅苍术实生苗生长及根腐病发生的影响

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) on the seedling growth and root rot of Atractylodes lancea(Thunb.) DC.

根腐病是目前茅苍术栽培中危害最严重的病害之一。丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, AMF)能与90%以上的维管植物互惠共生,对植物土传病害有一定的抑制作用。为明确AMF对茅苍术根腐病的防治效果,试验采用盆栽法研究了Glomus mosseae(Gm)、Glomus intraradices(Gi)和Glomus etunicatum(Ge)3种AMF对1年生茅苍术苗生长及根腐病发生的影响。结果表明:3个AMF接种组的茅苍术苗菌根侵染率由高到低依次为Gm(60.44%)、Ge(55.89%)和Gi(52.33%);3种AMF均能显著促进茅苍术苗的营养生长,以Ge促生长效果最为显著,但Gm对茅苍术苗地下部分物质积累的促进作用更大,Gm组茅苍术苗地下部分鲜重和干重的菌根依赖性分别达260.34%和285.45%;另外,3种AMF均能降低茅苍术苗根腐病的发生,减轻病情指数,提高其根系抗病相关酶苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶和几丁质酶的活性,其中G. mosseae和G. etunicatum防治效果较好,防效分别为53.15%和62.94%。AMF能促进茅苍术苗的营养生长,减轻其根腐病害的发生,G. mosseae和G. etunicatum可作为茅苍术根腐病防治的备选生物菌剂进行深入的研究与应用。

Root rot is one of the most serious diseases in the cultivation of Atractylodes lancea(Thunb.) DC..Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) can coexist with more than 90% vascular plants and have a certain inhibitory effect on plant soil borne diseases. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Glomus mosseae(Gm), Glomus intraradices(Gi) and Glomus etunicatum(Ge) on the seedling growth and the bio-effects of AMF against root rot of A. lancea(Thunb.) DC.. The results showed that the mycorrhizal infection rates of A.lancea(Thunb.) DC. seedlings in the three inoculation groups were in the order of Gm(60.44%), Ge(55.89%)and Gi(52.33%). All of the three AMFs could promote the vegetative growth of A. lancea(Thunb.) DC. seedlings,with Ge group showing the best performance. G. mosseae had a greater promoting effect on the underground material accumulation of A. lancea(Thunb.) DC. seedlings than Ge or Gi, with the mycorrhizal dependency of fresh weight and dry weight of underground part to mycorrhiza was 260.34% and 285.45%, respectively. In addition,the three AMFs could reduce the disease index, and improve the activities of the root disease resistance enzymes PAL, β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase. Namely, AMF could reduce the occurrence of root rot of A. lancea(Thunb.)DC. seedlings, among which G. mosseae and G. etunicatum had better control effects, with 53.15% and 62.94%,respectively. The results indicated that AMF can promote the vegetative growth of A. lancea(Thunb.) DC. seedlings and reduce the occurrence of root rot, and G. mosseae and G. etunicatum can be used as alternative biological agents for the control of root rot of A. lancea(Thunb.) DC..