退役军人社会保险制度研究——基于德国经验与本土借鉴的思考

Research on Social Insurance System of Ex-Servicemen——A Reflection Based on German Experience and Local Reference

退役军人曾为国防建设和军队建设做出重要贡献,他们是国防和军队的建设者、奠基人。做好退役军人服务管理工作有利于加强国防和军队建设、推动经济社会发展和维护政治安全稳定。德国是现代社会保障制度的起源国家之一,其在军人的退役安置和社会保障方面也走在了世界前列。本文对德国退役军人社会保险制度的发展历程以及制度结构进行梳理,并对其优势和不足进行了深入剖析,进而从建构多层次退役军人保险制度体系、优化退役军人保险接续机制、探索军人保险市场化进路等方面阐释了德国经验对新时代我国退役军人保险治理的启示。

Veterans have made important contributions to national defense and military construction.They are the builders and founders of national defense and military construction.Doing a good job in the service management of ex-servicemen is conducive to strengthening national defense and military construction,promoting economic and social development and maintaining political security and stability.Germany is one of the countries of origin of the modem social security system,and it is also in the forefront of the world in the resettlement and social security of servicemen.This paper combs the development process and institutional structure of the social insurance system for German veterans,deeply analyzes its advantages and disadvantages,and then explains the Enlightenment of German experience on the governance of China's veterans'Insurance in the new era from the aspects of constructing a multi-level veterans'insurance system,optimizing the Veterans'insurance succession mechanism,and exploring the market-oriented approach of military insurance.