干旱半干旱区采煤沉陷引起的土壤水分变化及其对植物生理生态潜在影响分析综述

Review on analysis of soil moisture changes caused by coal mining subsidence in arid and semi-arid areas and their potential effects on plant physiology and ecology

土壤水分是限制植物生长的关键因子。采煤沉陷导致地表形成裂缝,加上地下水位降低,使得干旱半干旱区本就很低的土壤含水量进一步降低。当土壤含水量低于植物干旱胁迫阈值时,势必会影响植物的生理生态。本文分析了采煤沉陷对水环境的影响,综述了当土壤含水量低于植物干旱胁迫阈值时,植物生理生态指标,包括叶片与根系形态结构、光合生理指标、渗透调节物质、水分生理指标、抗氧化酶活性、抗旱蛋白含量和组分等的潜在变化。未来应加强对干旱半干旱区土壤水分与植物生理生态协同变化的监测,致力于揭示植物生理生态对采煤沉陷引起的土壤水分变化的响应机制;同时,加强干旱半干旱区煤炭开采对植被生理生态影响的预测模型的研究。

Soil moisture is a key factor that restricts plant growth. Coal mining subsidence causes cracks on the ground, coupled with the reduction of groundwater level, which further reduces the already low soil moisture content in arid and semi-arid areas. When the soil moisture content is lower than the drought stress threshold of plants, it will inevitably affect plant physiology and ecology. This article first analyzed the impact of coal mining subsidence on the water environment, and then summarized the potential changes of plant physiological and ecological indicators when the soil moisture content was less than the plant drought stress threshold, including leaf and root morphologies, photosynthetic physiological indicators, osmotic adjustment substances, water physiological indicators, antioxidant enzyme activities, and components and contents of drought-resistant proteins. In the future,it should strengthen the monitoring of the coordinated changes in soil moisture and plant physiology and ecology in the arid and semi-arid areas, and strive to reveal the response mechanism of plant physiology and ecology to soil moisture changes caused by coal mining subsidence, as well as strengthening the research on the prediction model of the impact of coal mining on vegetation physiology and ecology in arid and semi-arid areas.