2017-2021年青岛市预防艾滋病、梅毒和乙型病毒性肝炎母婴传播动态观察效果分析

Analysis of the dynamic observation effect on prevention of mother-to-child transmission of AIDS,syphilis and viral hepatitis type B in Qingdao,2017-2021

目的分析2017—2021年青岛市预防艾滋病、梅毒和乙型病毒性肝炎(简称乙肝)母婴传播工作相关指标,为推进消除母婴传播工作提供思路和依据。方法利用国家预防艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝母婴传播信息管理系统中相关数据,分析各项指标及其年度变化。结果2017—2021年,青岛市共报告产妇513066人,HIV、梅毒和HBV的检测率均为100%,其中HIV和梅毒检测阳性率分别为0.58/万、0.27%,总体呈上升趋势(P<0.05);HBV检测阳性率为3.54%,总体呈下降趋势(P<0.001)。5年间,HIV感染孕产妇及所生儿童抗HIV用药率均有明显升高,近3年为100%;梅毒感染孕产妇治疗率由2017年的64.6%逐年上升到2021年的97.53%,所生儿童预防性治疗率由2017年的50.16%逐年上升到2021年的95.53%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001);HBV感染孕产妇所生儿童乙肝免疫球蛋白注射率为99.98%。2017至2021年青岛市HIV母婴传播率为0,先天梅毒报告发病率为0.39/10万活产;2021年HBV感染孕产妇所生儿童12月龄内HBsAg检测阳性率为0.80%。结论2017至2021年青岛市预防艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝母婴传播工作各项指标均有明显改善,母婴传播率维持在较低水平,但艾滋病和梅毒治疗率仍需继续巩固,要进一步加强干预措施,为消除母婴传播认证做好准备。

Objective To Analyze the related indications for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of AIDS,syphilis and viral hepatitis B in Qingdao from 2017 to 2021,so as to provide ideas and basis for promoting the elimination of mother-to-child transmission.Method The date of national information system for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV,syphilis and HBV was used to analyze the related indications and their annual changes.Result From 2017 to 2021,the number of maternity in Qingdao was 513066.All the detection rates of HIV,syphilis and HBV were 100%.The positive detection rates of HIV and syphilis were 0.58/10000,0.27%,respectively,and showed an increasing trend(P<0.05);the positive detection rate of HBV was 3.54%,and showed a decreasing trend(P<0.001).During the 5 years,the treatment rates of both HIV positive pregnant women and infants born to pregnant women with HIV increased,which were 100%in the nearly three years;the treatment rate of pregnant women with syphilis increased from 64.6%(2017)to 97.53%(2021)and that of infants born to pregnant women with syphilis increased from 50.16%(2017)to 95.53%(2021)year by year,both with statistically significance(P<0.001).The inoculation rate of immune globulin for infants born to pregnant women with HBV was 99.98%.From 2017 to 2021,the rate of mother-to-child transmission of HIV was 0;the incidence rate of congenital syphilis was 0.39/100000;the HBsAg positive rate of children younger than 12 months born to pregnant women with HBV was 0.8%in 2021.Conclusion From 2017 to 2021,The indications for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV,syphilis and HBV were all improved in Qingdao and the mother-to-child transmission rates remained at a low level.But the treatment rates of pregnant women with HIV and syphilis are still needed to consolidate.Preparing for elimination of mother-to-child transmission,further intervention measures must be strengthened in the future work.