反复呼吸道感染患儿肺炎支原体肺炎衣原体嗜肺军团菌流行特征分析

Epidemiological Characteristics of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Chlamydia Pneumoniae and Legionella Pneumophila in Children with Recurrent Respiratory Tract Infections

目的:分析小儿反复呼吸道感染(RRTIs)患儿肺炎支原体(MP)、肺炎衣原体(CP)、嗜肺军团菌(LP)病原菌流行特点。方法:选取本院2017年9月至2021年9月186例反复呼吸道感染患儿,留取全血,分别检测血MP、CP、LP病原体Ig M抗体,对其筛查结果进行分析。结果:RRTIs患儿血清MP病原体阳性率31.72%高于CP阳性率19.89%(P<0.017,Bonferroni校正),CP病原体阳性率19.89%高于LP阳性率8.06%(P<0.017,Bonferroni校正);不同性别患儿血清MP、CP、LP病原体阳性率比较(P>0.05);3~6岁年龄段RRTIs患儿血清MP、CP、LP病原体检测阳性率分别为51.32%、34.21%、17.11%高于0~2岁患儿13.64%、9.09%、2.27%,且高于7~12岁患儿21.21%、10.61%、1.52%(P<0.017,Bonferroni校正);冬季RRTIs患儿血清MP、CP、LP病原体阳性率分别为58.54%、41.46%、24.39%高于春季25.49%、13.73%、3.92%,高于夏季17.95%、12.82%、2.56%,高于秋季27.27%、14.55%、3.64%(P<0.0083,Bonferroni校正)。结论:在RRTIs患儿中,MP、CP、LP三者阳性率以MP感染最高,其次为CP感染,LP最低,三者在性别分布上无明显差异,但不同年龄段患儿中的易感性存在差异,病原体的流行存在季节性差异。

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mycoplasma pneumonia(MP),chlamydia pneumonia(CP)and legionella pneumophila(LP)in children with recurrent respiratory tract infections(RRTIs).Methods:A total of 186 children with RRTIs admitted to the hospital between September2017 and September 2021 were enrolled in the study.The whole blood was collected to detect IgM antibodies of serum MP,CP and LP.And the screening results were analyzed.Results:The positive rate of serum MP was higher than that of CP(31.72%vs 19.89%)(P<0.017,Bonferroni correction).The positive rate of CP was higher than that of LP(19.89%vs 8.06%)(P<0.017,Bonferroni correction).There was no significant difference in positive rates of serum MP,CP and LP among children of different genders(P>0.05).The positive rates of serum MP,CP and LP in RRTIs children aged 3-6 years were 51.32%,34.21%and 17.11%,higher than those aged 0-2 years(13.64%,9.09%,2.27%)and 7-12 years(21.21%,10.61%,1.52%)(P<0.017,Bonferroni correction).The positive rates of serum MP,CP and LP in winter were 58.54%,41.46%and 24.39%,higher than those in spring(25.49%,13.73%,3.92%),summer(17.95%,12.82%,2.56%)and autumn(27.27%,14.55%,3.64%)(P<0.0083,Bonferroni correction).Conclusion:Among children with RRTIs,MP,CP and LP had the highest rate of positivity,followed by CP infection,and LP was the lowest.There is no significant difference in the three infections among children of different genders.However,there are differences in their susceptibility among children at different age groups.There are seasonal differences in the prevalence of pathogens.