福建省土地利用变化碳排放时空差异与碳补偿

Temporal and Spatial Differences in Carbon Emissions and Carbon Neutrality Caused by Land Use Changes in Fujian Province

[目的]开展土地利用碳排放差异与碳补偿研究,为各地域根据净碳排放量制定低碳发展政策提供依据。[方法]基于2005—2020年福建省土地利用和能源消费数据,构建碳排放以及碳补偿价值测算模型,计算各市域不同时段的碳排放量以及碳补偿价值。[结果](1)福建省土地利用变化净碳排放呈现出明显的增长趋势,增长速度先快后慢。建设用地为主要碳源,其碳排放量增加3.41×10^(7) t;林地为主要碳汇,其碳吸收量减少近3.00×10^(4) t。(2)净碳排放量高值区域主要分布在碳排放量高、碳补偿率低的福州市、泉州市和漳州市,净碳排放量低值区域主要分布在碳排放量少、碳补偿率高的南平市,除厦门市外,各市的净碳排放强度与净碳排放量的空间分布相似。(3)碳补偿价值与各市净碳排放量的空间分布具有高度相似性,高碳补偿区主要是经济发展水平高、净碳排放量大的福州市、泉州市,受偿区主要是经济发展水平低、净碳排放量小的南平市。[结论]为实现区域协调以及低碳发展,需不断完善碳补偿机制,从低碳层面依靠碳补偿推动区域低碳协调发展。

[Objective] The differences in carbon emissions and carbon neutrality due to land use changes were analyzed in order to provide a basis for formulating low-carbon development policies in various regions according to net carbon emissions.[Methods] Based on data for land use and energy consumption in Fujian Province from 2005 to 2020,carbon emissions and carbon neutrality value calculation models were constructed to calculate the carbon emissions and carbon neutrality values for different cities in different periods.[Results](1) The net carbon emissions for land use changes in Fujian Province showed an obvious growth trend,and the growth rate was initially fast and then slowed.Construction land was the main carbon source,and its carbon emissions increased by 34.08 million tons.Forest land was the main carbon sink,and its carbon absorption decreased by nearly 30 000 tons.(2) The areas with high net carbon emissions were mainly located in Fuzhou,Quanzhou,and Zhangzhou cities.These areas exhibited high carbon emissions and low carbon neutrality rate.The areas with low net carbon emissions were mainly located in Nanping City where low carbon emissions and high carbon neutrality rate were observed.Except for Xiamen City,the intensity of net carbon emissions in each city was similar to the spatial distribution of net carbon emissions.(3) The carbon neutrality value was highly similar to the spatial distribution of net carbon emissions in each city.The high carbon neutrality areas were mainly in Fuzhou City and Quanzhou City where economic development level was high and net carbon emission was large,while the compensation area was mainly found in Nanping City where economic development level was low and net carbon emission was small.[Conclusion] In order to achieve regional coordination and low-carbon development,it is necessary to constantly improve the carbon neutrality mechanism and to rely on carbon neutrality to promote coordinated development of regional low-carbon policies.