TGF-β/Smads 信号通路在子宫内膜癌中的研究进展

Research progress of TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway in endometrial cancer

子宫内膜癌(endometrial cancer,EC)是女性最常见的来源于子宫内膜上皮的恶性肿瘤,近年发病呈上升趋势且发病年龄年轻化,主要的治疗方式仍然是手术和放化疗,但晚期EC治疗效果不理想。传统的分类方法在诊疗中存在严重不足,不能为患者的精准治疗提供足够的依据。近年来,随着分子生物医学研究的不断深入,越来越多的研究发现EC的发病和信号通路关联,TGF-β/Smads信号通路与EC的相关性更为明显,临床上迫切需要将其纳入患者的常规诊疗中。TGF-β/Smads信号通路主要通过促进上皮-间充质转化、刺激血管生成、诱导免疫抑制以及与肿瘤微环境相互作用等推动肿瘤的进展。

Endometrial carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor originating from endometrial epithelium in women.In recent years,the incidence is increasing and the onset age is getting younger.The main treatment methods are still surgery,radiation,and chemotherapy,but the treatment effect of advanced endometrial cancer is not ideal.Therefore,the traditional classification method has serious deficiencies in diagnosis and treatment,and cannot provide sufficient basis for precise treatment of patients.In recent years,with the deepening of molecular biomedical research,a growing number of studies have found the pathogenesis and signaling pathway association of endometrial cancer.The TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway is more clearly associated with endometrial cancer,and it is urgently needed to be included in the routine diagnosis and treatment of patients in clinical practice.A series of studies have shown that it promotes tumor progression mainly by promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, stimulating angiogenesis, inducing immunosuppression, and interacting with tumor microenvironment.