美国拉美裔政治、经济及社会状况研究——基于美国2020年人口普查数据

A Study of Latino Americans Based on the 2020 U.S. Census Data:A Political,Social,and Economic Perspective

基于美国2020年人口普查数据,本文分析了当今美国拉美裔在人口、教育、政治、经济等方面的变化特征。近年来拉美裔人口出生率逐步降低,年龄趋于低龄化,新生代拉美裔美国人的教育水平整体呈现上升趋势。与其他族裔相比,拉美裔的经济实力偏低,政治上呈现政党支持多元化趋势。国会议员中拉美裔的代表比例远低于其在美国总人口中所占的比例。本文认为,从目前看,拉美裔的这些变化并没有使美国社会变得“拉美化”,美国主流社会文化也未受到拉美裔群体文化的挑战;但从长远来看,在拉美裔群体的人口红利能给他们带来更好的生活条件保障、更高的受教育程度、更佳的经济状况和更高的政治地位后,拉美裔在美国社会中的影响力不容忽视。

Based on the 2020 U.S. Census Data, this article examines the evolving characteristics of Latino Americans in terms of demography, education, politics, and economy. It finds that Latino Americans’ birth rate and average age have decreased, and their education level has increased. As compared with other ethnic groups, Latino Americans’ economic status is lower, and their political party affiliation varies. The number of Latino American senators and house representatives is low and not proportional to their population in America. These characteristics, for the time being, have not Latinized America’s mainstream society and culture, but in the long run, Latino Americans’ influences should not be overlooked if their significant share of the population can help them gain a better life, education,and a higher economic and political status.