晚清小说创作中的自我禁抑现象——以禁抑诲淫和迷信为中心的考察

The Phenomena of Self-inhibitions in the Novel Writing in the Late Qing Dynasty:A Study Centered on Prohibiting Obscenity and Superstition

自觉遏制诲淫和迷信是晚清小说创作中的普遍现象。狭邪小说作家采用避而不写、简洁含蓄两种方式处理性描写;改良小说作家要求儿女之情关乎国家社会,在创作中采取有情无欲的方式摒弃性欲描写;清末反迷信潮流兴起,作家普遍采取拒绝迷信素材和涉及迷信立即解释这两种方式禁抑迷信描写。晚清小说家自我禁抑淫秽和迷信是作家的创作目的、审美追求、禁毁活动、禁毁舆论等交织作用的产物,这种自我禁抑现象从深层次折射出晚清小说与时代风气、官方和民间规诫碰撞和融合的发展历史。

There are common phenomena of self-inhibitions in the writing novels in the Late Qing Dynasty. The Xia Xie novelists adopted avoiding writing and simplifying to deal with sex description. The reformism novelists adopted refusing the sex descriptions which keep the love but remove the sexual desires in order to make man-woman relationship related to the state and society.As the rise of the anti-superstition movement in the Late Qing Dynasty,the writers universally adopted refusal or explanation of the superstitious stuff when they met it. The self-inhibitions in the novel writing are comprehensive reflections that they are interacting results of creation purpose,aesthetic pursuit,prohibition activities,and public opinion for banning and destroying,which shows the development history of the novels in the Late Qing Dynasty,in which novels are conflicting and fusing with the trend of thoughts of the times,official injunctions and civil regulations.