高舒适,低能耗,智能化——从BEA“2226”系列设计看21世纪低碳建筑转变

High Comfort,Low Energy and Smarter--A Study on the Transformation of Low Carbon Architecture Design in BEA“2226”

绿色建筑概念的普及及其在中国的实验应用往往被其对技术的依赖所误解。对建筑设计的作用和智能化应用估计不足,成本因技术设备的复杂性和规模而增加,从而导致更多的能源消耗。本文分析了建筑设计公司“be Architekt Holding AG”设计的项目,展示了绿色建筑的低能耗、高舒适度和智能化等三个方面的内容,特别分析了建筑设计在优化和智能系统方面的作用。推广低能耗建筑的关键是提高居民生活舒适度和与人互动,因此建筑设计在建筑能耗和造价中起着重要作用。不仅是节能,他们在概念上和技术上将建筑被划分为五个不同的层级,适应需求变化的多样性和灵活性,以期实现持久和可持续的建筑。他们的实践和研究弥补了绿色建筑研究(包括绿色技术研究)与建筑实践之间的差距。

The popularity of green building concepts with its experimental application in China is often misunderstood by its dependency on technology.The impact of architectural design features is under estimated, and therefore construction and maintenance costs increased by the complexity and sizing of technical equipment. This paper and speech introduces and analyzes mass housing projects designed by Austria based architecture firm: be architects Holding AG. The projects characterized as typological, regional, tectonic and highly crafted,demonstrate an alternative approach to green housing: high comfort with low energy. The paper analyzes four technical/architectural systems including ventilation, thermal heating and cooling, shading and insulations, with particular attention to the function of architectural design in relation to optimizing the operating costs. Conceptually and technically the buildings were divided into five separate systems, accommodating a diversity and a flexibility towards changing needs, all of that within a long lasting and sustainable structure and fa?ade. It concludes that the increased living comforts and increasing end users involvements are the keys to promote low energy buildings. It also points out the architectural design plays an important role in building energy and costs. The findings bridge the gap between green building research, including the research on green technology, on the one hand, and the skillful architectural practice on the other.