基于多指标含量测定的恒山黄芪特征成分研究

Characteristic Components of Astragali Radix from Hengshan Mountains Based on Multi-index Components Determination

目的:采用高效液相色谱法分析恒山黄芪的化学特征。方法:建立同时测定黄芪中毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、芒柄花苷、黄芪紫檀烷苷、黄芪异黄烷苷、黄芪异黄烷5个黄酮类化合物含量的高效液相色谱法,并结合《中华人民共和国药典》 2020年版中黄芪甲苷的含量测定方法,对恒山黄芪与参照黄芪进行比较。结果:毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、黄芪紫檀烷苷、黄芪异黄烷苷、黄芪异黄烷在恒山黄芪中的含量显著高于参照黄芪,而芒柄花苷、黄芪甲苷在2组黄芪中差异不明显。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析表明,毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、黄芪紫檀烷苷和黄芪异黄烷苷判别的可信度较高。结论:毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、黄芪紫檀烷苷、黄芪异黄烷苷在恒山黄芪中含量较高,可作为其特征判别成分。

Objective: To analyze the characteristic chemical components of Astragali Radix from Hengshan Mountains by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Methods: The HPLC method was established to simultaneously determine the content of five flavonoids including calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, ononin, astrapterocarpan-3-O-glucoside, isomucronulatol-7-O-glucoside, and isomucronulatol in Astragali Radix. The content of astragaloside Ⅳ was determined according to the method in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition). Further, the content of the above six chemical components were compared between the reference samples and the samples from Hengshan Mountains. Results: The samples from Henghsan Mountains had higher content of calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, astrapterocarpan-3-O-glucoside,isomucronulatol-7-O-glucoside, and isomucronulatol than the reference samples and had no significant difference in the content of ononin or astragaloside Ⅳ compared with the reference samples. The receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves showed that calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, isomucronulatol-7-O-glucoside, and astrapterocarpan-3-O-glucoside had high discrimination ability. Conclusion: The Astragali Radix from Hengshan Mountains had higher levels of calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside,isomucronulatol-7-O-glucoside, and astrapterocarpan-3-O-glucoside, which can be used as the characteristic components.