挖掘机工作装置复合动作性能提升分析与试验

Analysis and Testing Performance Improvement of Compound Action of Excavator Working Equipment

为提高挖掘机工作装置复合动作协调性,在相应位置布局传感器,对3台大型液压挖掘机工作装置复合动作进行性能对标试验。根据设计的试验方式和分析方法,以先导压力开始上升时间为起始点,对工作装置运动时间和时间差进行统计;综合复合动作中液压系统的实时采集数据和MATLAB软件处理结果,分析各挖掘机液压系统的设计细节对工作装置复合动作协调性的影响。在某挖掘机液压系统中增加流量再分配功能,对比改进前后的复合运动效率和协调性。结果表明:在动臂大腔和斗杆大腔液压系统间加入斗杆调速阀并在铲斗大腔液压管路中增加限流阀,可明显提高工作装置复合运动的效率和协调性。

In order to improve the coordination of compound action of excavator working equipment,performance benchmarking tests were performed on working equipment compound action of three large excavators by arranging sensors in corresponding positions.According to the designed test and analysis methods,taking the time when the pilot pressure began to rise as the starting point,the movement time and time difference of the working equipment were calculated;based on the real-time collected data and the results processed by MATLAB software of the hydraulic systems in the compound action,the influence of each excavator hydraulic system design details on the composite action coordination of the working equipment was analyzed.The flow redistribution function was added in the hydraulic system of an excavator,and the composite action efficiency and coordination were compared before and after the improvement.The results show that adding an bucket arm speed control valve between the boom large cavity and bucket arm large cavity hydraulic systems,and adding a restrictor valve to the bucket large cavity hydraulic pipeline,the efficiency and coordination of the compound action of the working equipments can be significantly improved.