中国政府“个体”经济治理研究——基于国务院《政府工作报告》的文本分析(1978—2021)

The Chinese Government’s Governance of the Individual Economy——Text Analysis Based on the Government Work Report of the State Council(1978—2021)

1978—2021年国务院《政府工作报告》共有62次有关“个体”的论述,形成了中国政府对“个体”经济治理的连续记录。这些论述可分为8类的功能论述、8类的措施论述。文章基于对这些论述的文本分析,将“个体”经济的治理分为三个阶段:1978—1991年的“初创阶段”、1992—2006年的“完善阶段”及2007年至今的“深化阶段”。从中国政府对“个体”经济的实践中可以总结出“个体”经济在中国经济中的三个面向的制度功能:作为非公有制的“个体”经济、作为创新动力的“个体”经济,以及作为民生载体的“个体”经济。

The 62 discussions of individuals in the Government Work Report of the State Council(1978-2020)form a continuous record of the Chinese government’s governance of the individual economy.These discussions can be classified into 8 types of functions and 8 types of measures.Based on the text analysis of these discussions,the governance of individual economy can be divided into three stages:the start-up stage from 1978 to 1991,the improvement stage from 1992 to 2006,and the deepening stage from 2007 to now.From the governance practice of the Chinese government on the individual economy,institutional functions with three orientations of the individual economy can be summarized:the individual economy as non-public ownership,the individual economy as a driving force of innovation,and the individual economy as a carrier of people’s livelihood.