小麦型日粮添加外源性酶和中草药对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和肠道菌群的影响

Effects of exogenous enzymes and Chinese herbal medicine on growth performance,slaughter performance and intestinal flora of broilers in wheat based diets

文章旨在研究小麦型日粮中添加外源性酶及中草药提取物对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和肠道菌群的影响。试验将600只1日龄肉仔鸡随机分成4组,各组5个重复,每个重复30只鸡。对照组饲喂小麦型日粮,试验1组为小麦型日粮+0.3 g/kg木聚糖酶,试验2组为小麦型日粮+1.5%中草药提取物,试验3组为小麦型日粮+0.3 g/kg木聚糖酶+1.5%中草药提取物,试验共计21 d。结果表明,(1)试验1组、试验3组平均日增重显著高于对照组(P <0.05),各组平均日采食量与料重比无显著变化(P> 0.05);(2)与对照组相较,试验1组、试验2组及试验3组全净膛重、胸肌重及腿肌重均有显著提高(P <0.05),试验3组全净膛重明显高于试验2组,胸肌重、腿肌重明显高于试验1组及试验2组(P <0.05),试验3组胸肌率、腿肌率更高于对照组(P <0.05);试验1组、试验2组及试验3组回肠内容物大肠杆菌含量明显低于对照组(P <0.05),同时回肠内容物乳酸杆菌含量显著高于对照组(P <0.05)。另外,试验3组回肠内容物大肠杆菌含量较试验1组、试验2组更低(P <0.05),试验3组回肠内容物乳酸杆菌含量较试验1组、试验2组更高(P <0.05)。结论:小麦型日粮添加外源性酶及中草药有利于提高肉鸡生长性能与屠宰性能,降低肠道大肠杆菌含量并提高乳酸杆菌含量,相较于两者单一添加,混合添加的效果更佳。

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of exogenous enzymes and Chinese herbal extracts on the growth performance,slaughter performance and intestinal flora of broilers.Taking 1-day-old broilers as experimental materials,600 broilers were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups,with 5 replicates in each group,and 30 broilers in each replicate.Design Group:the control group was fed with wheat type diet,the experimental group 1 was fed with wheat type diet +0.3g/kg xylanase,the experimental group 2 was fed with wheat type diet +1.5% Chinese herbal medicine extract,and the experimental group 3 was fed with wheat type diet +0.3 g/kg xylanase +1.5% Chinese herbal medicine extract for a total of 21 days.The results showed that:(1)the average daily gain of test group 1 and test group 3 was significantly higher than that of the control group(P < 0.05);(2)Compared with the control group,the total net bore weight,chest muscle weight and leg muscle weight of test group 1,test group 2 and test group 3 were significantly increased(P < 0.05).At the same time,the total net bore weight of test group 3 was significantly higher than that of test group 2,chest muscle weight and leg muscle weight were significantly higher than that of test group 1 and test group 2(P < 0.05),and the chest muscle rate and leg muscle rate of test group 3 were higher than those of the control group(P < 0.05);The content of E.coli in ileum contents of test group 1,test group 2 and test group 3 was significantly lower than that of the control group(P < 0.05),and the content of Lactobacillus in ileum contents was significantly higher than that of the control group(P < 0.05).In addition,the content of E.coli in ileum contents of test group 3 was lower than that of test group 1 and test group 2(P < 0.05),and the content of Lactobacillus in ileum contents of test group 3 was higher than that of test group 1 and test group 2(P < 0.05).Conclusion:The addition of exogenous enzymes and Chinese herbal medicine to wheat based diets is conducive to improving the growth performance and slaughtering performance of broilers,reducing the content of intestinal Escherichia coli and increasing the content of Lactobacillus.Compared with the single addition of the two,the effect of mixed addition is better.