补喂4种氨基酸对哺乳期羔羊生长代谢的影响

Effects of supplementary feeding of 4 amino acids on growth and metabolism of suckling lambs

本试验旨在研究补喂谷氨酰胺、D-丝氨酸、瓜氨酸和胍基乙酸对哺乳期湖羊羔羊生长代谢的影响,为这4种氨基酸在哺乳期羔羊饲养中的应用提供科学依据。试验选取健康且体重接近的湖羊公羔50只,随机分为5组,每组10只。对照组羔羊不补喂,试验组羔羊从4日龄开始,分别补喂2 g/kg D-丝氨酸、2 g/kg谷氨酰胺、2 g/kg瓜氨酸、0.5 g/kg胍基乙酸,所有羔羊正常随母吮乳。试验进行28 d。结果表明:补喂D-丝氨酸和谷氨酰胺组羔羊的平均日增重较对照组分别提高了35.30%和23.53%(P <0.05);补喂D-丝氨酸组羔羊血浆中丝氨酸、半胱氨酸和赖氨酸的含量较对照组分别提高了730.45%、51.60%和32.98%(P <0.05),补喂谷氨酰胺组羔羊血浆中甘氨酸、谷氨酰胺、谷氨酸的含量较对照组分别提高了81.96%、238.57%和229.48%(P <0.05),补喂瓜氨酸组羔羊血浆中甘氨酸和谷氨酸的含量较对照组分别提高了73.31%和61.73%(P <0.05),补喂胍基乙酸组羔羊血浆中半胱氨酸的含量较对照组提高了118.47%(P <0.05);补喂D-丝氨酸组羔羊18日龄时血浆中生长激素(GH)和胰岛素样生长因子-I(IGF-I)的含量较对照组分别提高了21.39%和34.06%(P <0.05),补喂胍基乙酸组羔羊18日龄时血浆中GH和IGF-I的含量较对照组分别提高了39.43%和39.96%(P <0.05);补喂D-丝氨酸组羔羊18日龄时血浆中总蛋白、白蛋白、尿素的含量较对照组分别提高了29.55%、34.72%%、34.83%(P <0.05),补喂谷氨酰胺组羔羊18日龄时血浆中尿素的含量较对照组提高了28.67%(P <0.05);补喂瓜氨酸组羔羊18日龄时血浆中总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白和尿素的含量较对照组分别提高了38.38%、33.06%、42.26%和39.57%(P <0.05);补喂胍基乙酸组组羔羊18日龄时血浆中总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、尿素的含量较对照组分别提高了46.39%、34.05%、55.40%、26.07%(P <0.05)。综上所述,补喂D-丝氨酸、谷氨酰胺、瓜氨酸和胍基乙酸均可提高哺乳期羔羊生长代谢,其中D-丝氨酸、谷氨酰胺的作用效果最好,瓜氨酸、胍基乙酸次之。

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of supplemental feeding of glutamine,D-serine,citrulline and guanidinoacetic acid on the growth and metabolism of suckling lambs,and to provide a scientific basis for the application of these four amino acids in the feeding of suckling lambs.In the experiment,50 healthy male Hu sheep lambs with similar body weight were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups with 10 lambs in each group.The lambs in the control group were not supplemented,and the lambs in the experimental group were supplemented with 2 g/kg D-serine,2 g/kg glutamine,2 g/kg citrulline,and 0.5 g/kg guanidinoacetic acid from the age of 4 days.All lambs were normal.Breastfeed with mother.The experiment was carried out for 28 days.The results showed that:supplementing D-serine and glutamine increased the average daily weight gain of lambs by 35.30%and 23.53%compared with the control group,respectively(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the content of serine,cysteine and lysine in D-serine group was increased by 730.45%,51.60%and 32.98%respectively(P<0.05).Supplementary feeding of glutamine increased the content of glycine,glutamine and glutamic acid in lamb plasma by 81.96%,238.57%and 229.48%compared with the control group,respectively(P<0.05).Supplementing with citrulline increased the content of glycine and glutamic acid in lamb plasma by 73.31%and 61.73%respectively(P<0.05)compared with the control group.Supplementary feeding of guanidinoacetic acid increased the content of cysteine in the plasma of lambs by 118.47%compared with the control group(P<0.05).The supplemental feeding of D-serine increased the levels of growth hormone(GH)and insulin like growth factor-1(IGF-I)in the plasma of lambs at 18 days of age by 21.39%and 34.06%respectively(P<0.05).Supplemental feeding of guanidinoacetic acid increased the levels of GH and IGF-I in the plasma of lambs at 18 days of age by39.43%and 39.96%,respectively(P<0.05).D-serine supplementation increased the content of total protein,albumin and urea in the plasma of lambs at 18 days of age by 29.55%,34.72%and 34.83%,respectively(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the content of urea in plasma increased by 28.67%(P<0.05)in lambs at the age of 18 days;Supplementation with citrulline increased the content of total protein,albumin,globulin and urea in the plasma of lambs at the age of 18 days by 38.38%,33.06%,42.26%and 39.57%respectively(P<0.05);The guanidinoacetic acid supplementation increased the levels of total protein,albumin,globulin and urea in the plasma of lambs at 18 days of age by 46.39%,34.05%,55.40%and 26.07%respectively compared with the control group(P<0.05).In summary,supplementation of D-serine,glutamine,citrulline and guanidinoacetic acid could improve the growth and metabolism of suckling lambs,among which D-serine and glutamine had the best effect,citrulline,guanidinoacetic acid followed.