石墨炔在电化学储能器件中的应用研究

Application of graphyne in electrochemical energy storage devices

石墨炔作为一种新型二维碳材料,具有π共轭单元、sp^(2)和sp杂化的碳原子和可调节的孔结构,结构稳定,导电性好,可塑性强。简要介绍了不同类型的石墨炔及其结构,阐述了石墨炔及其衍生物的合成策略,重点综述了石墨炔及石墨炔衍生物在能源领域的研究内容和成果,介绍了石墨炔及其衍生物在锂离子电池、氢-氧燃料电池、钠离子电池、超级电容器和其它一些电化学储能器件及材料上的研究成果。综合分析表明,石墨炔在电化学储能器件方面具有广阔的应用前景。

As a new two-dimensional carbon material,grapheyne hasπconjugated units,SP^(2)and SP hybrid carbon atoms and adjustable pore structure.It has stable structure,good conductivity and strong plasticity.Its structure can be adjusted by hybridization or modification.It has a good application prospect in the field of electrochemistry.This paper briefly introduced different types of graphyne and their structures,such asα-graphyne,β-graphyne,γ-graphyne and 6,6,12-graphyne,as well as graphdiyne.The synthesis strategies of graphyne and its derivatives are described,including wet and dry methods.There are in-situ synthesis methods of different types of graphyne and graphdiyne,and different structures are obtained through different synthesis or growth methods,such as nano films,nano sheets and nano chains.It also includes the preparation strategy of graphyne derivatives,which adjusts the structure by heteroatom doping or metal atom modification,such as nitrogen atom doping,platinum atom modification and so on.The advanced research results of graphyne and its derivatives in the field of energy are reviewed,including the research results of graphyne and its derivatives in lithium-ion batteries,hydrogen oxygen fuel cells,sodium ion batteries,supercapacitor and other electrochemical energy storage devices and materials.As the anode of lithium-ion battery,the coulomb efficiency and cycle performance of the battery are improved,and the stability of the battery is enhanced.It has good catalytic performance for oxygen reduction reaction and has the prospect of being used as a catalyst for hydrogen oxygen fuel cell.It also has good storage performance for sodium,calcium and magnesium,and has good potential in application with sodium ion batteries and multivalent ion batteries.It shows good cycle performance and specific capacity in supercapacitor.In addition,it also has good theoretical capacity in hydrogen storage.It has a good application prospect in a variety of electrochemical energy storage devices.Comprehensive analysis shows that graphyne,as a new allotrope of carbon,has good performance and optimization potential in structure and electrochemical properties.It has a good development prospect in electrochemical energy storage devices in the future.