Study on Compost Utilization of Horticultural Waste

园艺废弃物堆肥利用研究

This study aimed to explore the optimal material ratio for composting of horticultural waste,which was expected to improve the utilization rate of this waste.To be specific,horticultural waste and edible fungus residue were mixed with pig manure,rapeseed cake,or compound fertilizer and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the pile was adjusted to 30∶1 for composting.The raw materials at different ratios were prepared to determine the temperature variation,maturity,germination index,and total contents of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium of the compost.The results showed that the high-temperature period,germination index,and total nutrient content of the compost in the three treatments all met standard of organic fertilizer.T1 presented the longest high-temperature period and highest germination index and contents of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium after 42 d of composting.To sum up,the three treatments all yielded composts with no toxin and standard maturity and nutrients as commercial organic fertilizer,particularly T1.In areas short of livestock manure,the rapeseed cake or compound fertilizer can also be used as a nitrogen source for the composting of horticultural waste.

为促进园艺废弃物肥料化利用,探明其堆肥最适物料配比。以园艺废弃物、食用菌渣为主要原料,猪粪、菜籽饼、复合肥为辅料,调节堆体碳氮比至30∶1进行堆肥,研究不同物料配比对堆体的温度、腐熟度、发芽指数、氮、磷、钾以及总养分含量的影响。结果表明:3种处理堆体高温持续时间、发芽指数以及总养分含量均符合有机肥标准;其中T1处理堆体的高温持续时间最长,堆制42 d后发芽指数和氮、磷、钾总养分含量均为最高。综上所述,3种配比堆肥均能满足无害化、腐熟度和商品有机肥养分标准的要求,且以T1处理效果最佳;在畜禽粪便短缺的地区,也可用菜籽饼或复合肥做氮源配合园艺废弃物进行堆肥。