典型黑土地土壤有机质含量空间变化特征研究——以绥化市北林区为例

SPATIAL VARIATION CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL ORGANIC MATTER CONTENT IN TYPICAL BLACK SOIL:A Case Study of Beilin District in Suihua City,Heilongjiang Province

以20世纪80年代第二次土壤普查时期黑土有机质分析数据为基准,以目前土地质量地球化学调查土壤有机质分析数据为研究对象,利用MapGIS空间分析功能定量研究绥化市北林区黑土地土壤有机质含量的空间变化特征.研究结果显示,近30 a以来研究区土壤有机质含量由41.16×10^(-3)下降到37.68×10^(-3),土壤有机质流失率达8.45%;20世纪80年代研究区土壤有机质含量在35×10^(-3)~45×10^(-3)的面积占研究区总面积的73.93%,而目前研究区土壤有机质含量在30×10^(-3)-3~40×10^(-3)的面积占研究区总面积的70.24%;研究区82.1%的土地面积土壤中有机质呈现出不同程度的减少,仅有17.9%的土地面积土壤中有机质呈现出增加的趋势;研究区黑土地以轻度和轻微土壤有机质流失程度为主,仅在张维镇和四方台镇中南部、秦家镇中西部以及连岗乡中北部等局部地段土壤有机质流失程度达中度和重度,这为精准施策开展黑土地土壤有机质流失治理提供了科学依据.

Based on the analysis data of organic matters in black soil during the second national soil survey in the 1980s and those in the current land quality geochemical survey,the MapGIS spatial analysis is used to quantitatively study the spatial variation of organic matter content in the black land core area of Northeast China.The results show that the content of soil organic matters decreases from 41.16×10^(-3)to 37.68×10^(-3)in recent 30 years,with the organic matter loss rate of 8.45%.In 1980s,the areas with soil organic matter content of 35×10^(-3)-45×10^(-3)account for 73.93%of the total study area,while the areas with soil organic matter content of 30×10^(-3)-40×10^(-3)make up 70.24%currently.Of the land area,82.1%shows different degrees of reduction in organic matter,while only 17.9%shows an increasing trend.The black land is dominated by mild and slight loss of soil organic matter,except for local areas with moderate and severe loss degree,which provides scientific basis for soil organic matter loss control in black land region.