全球汽车芯片产业现状及布局

The Current Situation And Layout of the Automotive Chip Industry

汽车芯片已成为推动汽车产业创新的重要力量,在汽车产业“新三化”(电动化、智能化、网联化)的推动下,汽车芯片市场空间广阔,汽车产业链及其供应链的转型整合也在加速。汽车芯片对使用寿命、可靠性、稳定性、环境耐受度等多种性能指标要求严苛,具有较高的技术和产业壁垒。从当前全球竞争格局看,欧洲、美国和日本处于主导地位。2020年至今,全球汽车芯片短缺问题突出,这主要是地缘政治格局变化等外部环境冲击下的市场供求失衡,以及商业模式调整等多重因素交织影响的结果。为应对芯片短缺,美国、欧洲、日本和韩国等发达国家和地区采取不同保供政策,以开拓行业发展空间及创新机遇。

Automobile chip has become an important force to promote the innovation of automobile industry.Driven by the"new three modernizations"(electrification,intelligence and Networking)of automobile industry,the market space of automobile chip is broad,and the transformation and integration of automobile industry chain and supply chain are also accelerating.Automotive chips have strict requirements for service life,reliability,stability,environmental tolerance and other performance indicators,and have high technical and industrial barriers.From the current global competition pattern,Europe,the United States and Japan are in dominant positions.From 2020 till now,the global shortage of automotive chips is prominent,which is the result of the intertwined influence of many factors,such as the change of geopolitical pattern,the imbalance between market supply and demand under external shocks,and the adjustment of business model.In order to cope with the shortage of chips,the United States,Europe,Japan and South Korea have adopted different supply guarantee policies,and the development of the industry has ushered in opportunities.