食品中诺如病毒流行现状及其病毒分离方法的研究进展

Recent Progress in Prevalence and Virus Isolation Methods of Norovirus in Food

食品基质是食源性病毒传播的主要媒介,其中诺如病毒(Norovirus,NoV)的检测也备受国内外关注。食源性NoV暴发和污染给人类健康和食品安全造成了极大的威胁。而基于食品基质成分的复杂程度,其样本前处理过程一直是病毒检测研究中的重点和难点,直接影响NoV的精准检测和结果的可靠性,给食品安全监管及疫情防控带来困难。本文综述了NoV在食品中的流行现状,为食源性NoV的风险评估和监管预警提供基础性研究数据。在查阅文献的基础上,就食品中NoV的分离方法进行了全面论述,比较了各个方法的优缺点,旨在为完善和扩充食品中NoV检测基质范围提供方法,为研究简便、快捷、准确的食源性NoV检测方法提供参考和思路,以防范NoV造成的污染及感染事件发生。

Food matrix is the main medium for the transmission of food-borne viruses,and the detection of norovirus(NoV)has also attracted much attention at home and abroad.Foodborne NoV outbreaks and contamination pose a great threat to human health and food safety.With the complexity of food matrix components,the sample pretreatment process has always been the focus and difficulty in virus detection research,which directly affects the accurate detection of NoV and the reliability of the results,and makes difficulties to food safety supervision and epidemic control.The prevalence of NoV in food is summarized,and provides research data for risk assessment and regulatory warning of food-borne NoV.Based on the literature review,the isolation methods of NoV in food are comprehensively discussed,and the advantages and disadvantages of each method are compared,to improve and expand NoV detection method of food matrix,and to provide reference and ideas for the study of simple,fast and accurate foodborne NoV detection methods,to prevent the contamination and infection of NoV.