甘草提取物的药理作用及其在畜禽生产中的应用

Pharmacological action of Radix Glycyrrhizae extract and its application in livestock and poultry production

甘草属多年生草本植物,其药用部位为根及根状茎,是一种传统的药食两用中药。甘草提取物主要由黄酮类、三萜皂苷、淀粉、糖类、氨基酸、单宁、抗坏血酸、香豆素、胆碱、植物甾醇组成。甘草具有免疫调节、抗氧化、抗病毒和抗炎特性等多种药理学作用,研究发现饲料中添加甘草及其提取物可以增强畜禽体内抗氧化酶活性,提高免疫球蛋白含量,进而增强机体抗氧化能力和免疫功能。近年来发现甘草中的有效成分对肠道菌群也具有正向调节作用,通过调节肠道菌群,提高畜禽生长性能。本文对甘草提取物的药理作用及其在畜禽生产中的应用进行综述,为其作为饲用添加剂的合理应用提供参考。

Glycyrrhiza glabra is a perennial herb,and its medicinal parts are root and rhizome.It is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine for both medicine and food.Glycyrrhiza glabra extract is mainly composed of flavonoids,triterpenoid saponins and starch,sugars,amino acids,tannins,ascorbic acid,coumarin,choline and phytosterols.Radix Glycyrrhizae has a variety of pharmacological effects,such as immunomodulatory,antioxidant,antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties.It was found that the addition of Radix Glycyrrhizae and its extract to feed could enhance the contents of antioxidant enzymes and immunoglobulins in livestock and poultry,and then improve the immune function and antioxidant capacity of the body.Radix Glycyrrhizae not only inhibits the inflammatory response induced by various inflammatory factors,but also has antiviral effect.In this paper,the pharmacological actions of Radix Glycyrrhizae extract and its application in livestock and poultry production were reviewed in order to provide reference for its rational application as a feed additive.