2021—2022年我国部分地区市场交易鸽群腺病毒检测及遗传进化分析

Detection and Genetic Evolution Analysis of Adenovirus in Pigeons for Trading in China from 2021 to 2022

为了解我国鸽腺病毒(pigeon adenovirus,PiAdV)的流行现状及分子遗传特征,2021—2022年在江苏、河南、安徽、江西、福建、广东、广西、云南等8个省(自治区)41个活禽交易市场,采集鸽口咽/泄殖腔双拭子样品共462份,通过PCR进行PiAdV核酸检测,并对其六邻体蛋白(hexon)编码基因进行遗传进化分析。核酸检测结果显示:除未从江苏省检出阳性外,从其他7个省(自治区)的24个活禽交易市场中检出120份PiAdV病原学阳性样品,个体阳性率为25.97%(120/462),场点阳性率为58.54%(24/41);遗传进化分析结果显示,从不同省份随机挑选的15份PiAdV病原学阳性样品均属于B种(PiAdV-B)分支,与同属于PiAdV-B中的varient B小分支核苷酸同源性为99.1%~100%,而与PiAdV-A分支亲缘关系较远。结果表明,我国市场交易鸽群PiAdV污染面较广,感染率较高,PiAdV-B分支为优势流行毒种。因此,需要加强鸽养殖场的饲养管理和活禽交易市场的卫生管理,加快开展PiAdV疫苗研发,以有效控制PiAdV流行。

In order to identify the status of prevalence and genetic variation characteristics of pigeon adenovirus(PiAdV)in pigeons in China from 2021 to 2022,a total of 462 pigeon oropharynx/cloacal swabs were collected from 41 poultry trading markets in 8 provinces(autonomous regions)including Jiangsu,Henan,Anhui,Jiangxi,Fujian,Guangdong,Guangxi and Yunnan for detecting nucleic acid by PCR,followed by genetic evolution analysis on their hexon genes.The results showed that,except the samples from Jiangsu,120 samples from 24 poultry trading markets in other 7 provinces(autonomous regions)were positive for PiAdV,with an individual positive rate of 25.97%(120/462),and a premise positive rate of 58.54%(24/41).It was found that,by genetic evolution analysis,15 PiAdV positive samples randomly collected from different provinces belonged to the branch of species B(PiAdV-B),and the nucleotide homology with the small branch of variant B in the same PiAdV-B was from 99.1%to 100%,but was far from the branch of PiAdV-A.In conclusion,PiAdV was widely spreading with high infection rate,and PiAdV-B was the dominant endemic species.Therefore,for the purpose of effectively control of any spreading of PiAdV,breeding management of pigeon farms and health management of live poultry markets should be strengthened,and the development of vaccines against PiAdV should be accelerated.