中医药传统知识数据库构建思路初探

Preliminary exploration of system construction: traditional knowledge database of Chinese Medicine

近年来我国持续重视中医药知识产权保护,《中医药法》提出的中医药传统知识数据库的建设构想为本研究提供了法律基础。研究以显性知识为例,通过对中医药传统知识的构成、类别和法律属性进行分析,结合国内外现有的传统医药数据库建设情况和存在问题,从法律视角尝试探索传统知识数据库的保护方法和路径。研究发现传统知识数据库建立的最大问题,在于其数据共享机制同现行知识产权制度的私法属性间存在的矛盾。因此,数据库的建立要立足于传统知识的类别和法律属性,分别建立公开和不公开的数据库,确定其功能定位和产权归属、建立数据库法律保护规制、规范化数据收集方法、完善其运行机制。

Recent years, our country has continued to attach importance to the protection of intellectual property rights of Chinese Medicine. “Traditional Chinese Medicine Law of the People’s Republic of China” points out that the database construction ought to come up on the agenda, which provides a legal basis for this research. Taking explicit knowledge as an example, this research analyzed the composition, categories and legal attributes of traditional Chinese Medicine knowledge. Then, based on the existing construction situation and existing problems of Chinese Medicine database domestic and overseas, we tried to explore the protection methods and paths of traditional knowledge database from the perspective of law. In this research, we found that the biggest problem in the establishment of traditional knowledge database lied in the contradiction between its data sharing mechanism and the private law attribute of the current intellectual property system. Therefore, the establishment of database ought to base on the category and legal attribute of traditional knowledge. On the above basis, public and private databases ought to be built respectively, and determine its function orientation and property right attribution, establish the database legal protection regulation, establish standardized data collection method, perfect its operation mechanism.