治理为何失效?公共治理的源头和过程

Why Does Governance Fail?The Source and Process of Public Governance

公共治理需要在维护公共安全和公共利益的基础上协调社会各方。因此,针对不同的目的,公共治理有源头性治理和过程性治理之分。在针对渣土车超载超速等行为的治理中,围绕渣土车运输过程的多元治理手段不断积累升级,以维护道路安全为目的网络监控手段成为治理技术创新的重点。但是这在治理成本不断增高的情况下并没有从根本上解决渣土车的违规等问题。究其原因,是现阶段的公共治理体系在源头上对渣土车司机利益保障不充足,而更多将精力集中在过程性治理手段。在此模式下,公司和协会不断建构对自己有利的“自有余地”,司机和公众却承担了治理失效的后果。从渣土车治理的例子可以看出,解决社会治理的难题需要从源头上引导各方参与审慎商议,实现治理的精细化、动态化、情境化,走出因忽视源头性治理而导致的失效困局。

Public administration consists of headstream governance and process governance.To curb the overload and overspeed of muck trucks,the government has taken multiple measures in the transportation process.Network monitoring for road safety has become a key to governance technology innovation.Despite the rising cost of governance,the existing manners have not resolved the problems of muck truck regulation as the current public governance system is insufficient to protect the interests of muck truck drivers and focuses on process governance.In this mode,companies and the industry association construct leeway for their interests,while drivers and the public on the road bear the risks.To tackle the issue of muck truck governance,the government ought to call for all parties to engage in consultation and cease the overemphasis on process governance and the neglect of headstream governance.