碳酸盐岩储层模拟与地球化学实验技术进展及应用

Progress and application of carbonate reservoir simulation and geochemical experiment technology

中国海相碳酸盐岩具年代老、埋藏深、经历多旋回构造—成岩叠加改造的特点,导致储层非均质性强、成因复杂,储层发育主控因素与成藏过程研究难度大。依托国家“十一五”“十二五”“十三五”碳酸盐岩油气专项和中国石油天然气集团有限公司碳酸盐岩储层重点实验室,开展有针对性的储层模拟和地球化学实验技术攻关,取得3项进展:(1)基于多阶段—连续流装置、渗透率在线检测和可视化装置、高温高压流体原位检测改进装置,解决了中国多旋回叠合盆地古老深层碳酸盐岩储层模拟实验的难题,为埋藏溶蚀孔洞预测和评价、埋藏环境孔喉结构发育样式和演化路径研究提供了手段;(2)建立了以碳酸盐矿物激光原位U—Pb同位素测年为核心的9项微区多参数地球化学实验分析技术,解决了储层成因研究中的定年、定温和定流体属性的难题;(3)微区多参数地球化学实验分析技术的创新应用,解决了绝对年龄坐标系下构造—埋藏史、成岩—孔隙演化史、烃源岩埋藏和成烃史、油气成藏史重建的多解性和不确定性难题,为碳酸盐岩油气勘探研究发挥了重要的支撑作用。

The marine carbonate rocks in China are featured by old geologic age,great burial depth,and superimposed transformation by multicycle tectonism-diagenesis,showing strong reservoir heterogeneity and complex genetic process,which lead to great challenges in the study of the main controlling factors of reservoir development and hydrocarbon accumulation.By relying on national special projects during the 11^(th),12^(th),13^(th) Five-Year Plan periods and CNPC Key Laboratory of Carbonate Reservoirs,the targeted researches on reservoir simulation and geochemical experiment technology have been conducted and achievements been made in three aspects:(1)The multi stage continuous flow device,permeability on-line measurement and visualization device,as well as the improved fluid in situ detection device are used to solve the difficulties in corrosion simulation experiment of ancient and deep carbonate rocks in multicycle superimposed basins in China,providing methods for the evaluation and prediction of buried dissolution vugs and the studies on pore throat patterns and evolution pathway in buried environment;(2)Nine micro-area multi-parameter experiment technology series with the core of laser in situ U-Pb isotope dating of carbonate minerals have been developed,which support to determine the timing,temperature and fluid properties in the process of reservoir genesis;(3)The application of these innovated technologies enables to solve the multi solution and uncertainty problems in reconstructing structuralburial history,diagenesis-porosity evolution history,and hydrocarbon generation and accumulation history,providing an important support for petroleum exploration of carbonate rocks.