土地托管对农户生态经济收益的影响及其边界

The Impact of Land Trusteeship on Farmers’Eco-economic Benefits and Its Boundaries

土地托管是促进农业节本增效、实现绿色转型的创新性农业生产模式。本文构建土地托管影响农户生态经济收益的理论分析框架,利用345份农户微观调研数据对研究假说进行实证检验。结果显示:(1)土地托管面积对农户生态经济收益呈倒U型影响,该结论在考虑潜在的内生性问题并进行稳健性检验后依然成立。(2)异质性分析发现,农户托管经济作物获取的生态经济收益最高,其次为小麦、玉米;兼业户获取的生态经济收益最高,其次为专业大户、非农户和小规模纯农户。(3)进一步研究发现,土地托管对农户生态经济收益的影响存在作用边界,目前我国农户土地托管面积尚未达到边界值,边界值随农作物类型与农户类型的不同而变化。据此,应提高支持力度,推进土地托管规模经营;把握适度原则,防止托管规模盲目扩张;坚持因人施策,警惕“非粮化”的托管倾向。

Land trusteeship is an innovative agricultural model,which realizes cost savings,efficiency improvement,and green transformation of agriculture.This paper constructs a theoretical analysis framework of the impact of land trusteeship on farmers’eco-economic benefits.Then,this paper uses 345 survey data of farmers to test the research hypothesis empirically.The results show that:(1)The effect of land trusteeship area on farmers’eco-economic benefits is inverted U-shaped,which is still true after considering the potential endogeneity problem and conducting a robustness test.(2)Heterogeneity analysis showed that farmers managed cash crops to obtain the highest eco-economic benefits,followed by wheat and corn.Part-time households obtained the highest eco-economic benefits,followed by professional households,non-farmers,and small-scale farmers.(3)Further research shows that there is a boundary for the impact of land trusteeship on farmers’eco-economic benefits.At present,the land trusteeship area of farmers in China has not reached the boundary value,and the boundary value changes with the difference between crop types and farmer types.Therefore,we should enhance the support and promote the large-scale management of land trusteeship.Follow the principle of moderation to prevent the blind expansion of the land trusteeship scale;Different guiding policies should be adopted for different types of farmers.At the same time,avoid the land trusteeship tendency of non-grain.