金代红绿彩的女真民俗文化初探

A Preliminary Study on Jurchen Folk Culture with Red and Green Glaze in Jin Dynasty

红绿彩创烧于金代,是女真文化与中原汉文化交融的特殊载体,是解析女真文化的重要依据。红绿彩深受唐三彩、宋三彩的影响,继承了二次烧制的工艺技术,其装饰纹样反映女真族渔猎习俗,人物俑刻画的衽发文化,使女真民俗对中原汉族产生深远的影响。红绿彩中填涂的红色是萨满祭祀火神的吉祥色,红绿彩人物俑所持神鼓是萨满沟通神灵的重要器物。就生存方式、民族服饰和萨满信仰,进一步探索金代红绿彩瓷器中的女真民俗文化。

The red and green glaze creation was burned in the Jin Dynasty.It is a special carrier of the integration of Jurchen culture and central Plains culture,and it is an important basis for analyzing Jurchen culture.The red and green glaze was greatly influenced by the Tang Sancai and Song Sancai,it inherited the secondary firing technology,its decorative patterns reflect the fishing and hunting customs of the Jurchen,The figurines depict the front hair culture,Jurchen folk culture has a profound influence on the central Plains nation.The red color filled in the red and green glaze is an auspicious color for shaman to offer sacrifices to Vulcan,and the god drum held by the red and green glazed figurines is an important tool for shaman to communicate with the gods.This article focuses on living style,national dress and shamanistic belief,and it will further explore the Folk culture of Jurchen in the red and green glaze of Jin Dynasty.