燕窝提取物生理效应研究进展

The Study Progress of Physiological Effects of Edible Bird’s Nest Extract

燕窝被称为“东方鱼子酱”,位居中国四大传统名贵食品(燕窝、鲍鱼、鱼翅、人参)之首。燕窝中含有多种功效成分,包括糖蛋白、唾液酸、N-乙酰半乳糖、氨基酸和微量元素等。为探究燕窝作为滋补品或功能食品的科学依据,近年来燕窝提取物的生理功效研究引起了人们的广泛关注。本文就燕窝提取物生理活性方面的基础研究进展进行综述,包括燕窝的主要成分及提取工艺、燕窝提取物在促进细胞分裂与增殖、抗氧化与免疫调节、抗病毒、改善股骨头强度、改善记忆和认知、激素效应和保护心血管系统与预防高血压等方面的功效研究概况。此外,还对相关领域研究与产品开发的方向进行了展望。

Edible bird’s nest is called“Oriental Caviar”and ranks first among the four traditional precious foods in China(bird’s nest,abalone,shark fin,ginseng).Bird’s nest contains a variety of functional ingredients,including glycoproteins,sialic acid,N-acetylgalactose,amino acids and trace elements.In order to clarify the scientific basis of bird’s nest as a tonic or functional food,in recent years,research on the physiological efficacy of edible bird’s nest extract has attracted widespread attention.This article reviews the basic research progress on the physiological activity of edible bird’s nest extract,including the main components of edible bird’s nest and its extraction process,edible bird’s nest extract in promoting cell division and proliferation,anti-oxidation and immune regulation,anti-virus,improving femoral head strength,improving overview of studies on memory and cognition,hormonal effects,and efficacy in protecting the cardiovascular system and preventing hypertension.In addition,the direction of research and product development in related fields has also been discussed.