有氧运动改善自发性高血压大鼠肾纤维化的作用

Aerobic exercise improves renal fibrosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats

目的:研究有氧运动训练对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)肾脏纤维化影响,探讨有氧运动对高血压肾损害的保护作用。方法:8周龄雄性SHR和同龄Wistar京都大鼠(WKY)随机分为4组(n=6):安静WKY对照组(WKY-S)、安静SHR对照组(SHR-S)、低强度运动组(SHR-L)和中强度运动组(SHR-M)。SHR-L组、SHR-M组分别以14 m/min(最大有氧速度的35%)、20 m/min(最大有氧速度的50%)在0°坡度的运动跑步机上跑步,共运动14周,每周5次,每次60 min,WKY-S和SHR-S组安静饲养。14周后,运动训练结束72 h后检测大鼠血压;之后取血和肾脏检测血清肌酐SCr和尿素氮BUN含量,苏木精与伊红(HE)染色观察肾组织形态,Masson染色观察肾组织胶原沉积情况,计算肾脏胶原容积分数(CVF),检测肾脏AngⅡ、AT1R、TGF-β、α-SMA、CTGF蛋白表达。结果:与WKY-S组相比,SHR-S组的血压和血清SCr、BUN含量、肾脏CVF水平和AngⅡ、AT1R、TGF-β、α-SMA、CTGF蛋白表达均明显升高(P<0.05);与SHR-S组相比,SHR-L组和SHR-M组血压和血清SCr、BUN含量、肾脏CVF水平和AngⅡ、AT1R、TGF-β、α-SMA、CTGF蛋白表达均明显下降(P<0.05)且SHR-M组下降趋势更明显(P<0.05)。结论:有氧运动可通过抑制肾脏AngⅡ-AT1R-TGF-β通路,改善自发性高血压大鼠的肾纤维化与肾功能。

Objective:To study the effects of aerobic exercise training on renal fibrosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR),and to explore the protective effect of exercise on renal damage in hypertensive rats.Methods:Eight-week-old male SHR and Wistar Kyoto rats of the same age(WKY)were randomly divided into 4 groups(n=6):sedentary WKY control group(WKY-S),sedentary SHR control group(SHR-S),low-intensity exercise group(SHR-L)and medium-intensity exercise group(SHR-M).SHR-L group and SHR-M group were set at a slope of 0°at 14 m/min(35%of the maximum aerobic speed)and 20 m/min(50%of the maximum aerobic speed),running on a sports treadmill for 14 weeks,5 times a week,and 60 min each time.WKY-S and SHR-S groups were kept quietly.Blood pressure was measured 72 hours after exercise training.And the serum levels of creatinine(Scr)and BUN were detected.The morphology of renal tissue was observed by hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining.The collagen deposition of renal tissue was observed by Masson staining,and the renal collagen volume fraction(CVF)was calculated.Results:Compared with WKY-S group,blood pressure,serum Scr and BUN,kidney CVF levels and AngⅡ,AT1R,TGF-β,α-SMA,CTGF expressions in SHR-S group were increased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with SHR-S group,blood pressure,serum Scr and BUN,kidney CVF level and AngⅡ,AT1R,TGF-β,α-SMA,CTGF expressions in SHR-L and SHR-M groups were decreased significantly(P<0.05)and the decreasing trend was more obvious in SHR-M group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Aerobic exercise can improve renal fibrosis and renal function in spontaneously hypertensive rats by inhibiting the AngⅡ-AT1R-TGF-βpathway.