黄河经济社会-输沙-生态多用水过程协调程度演变

Water Use Coordination Degree Evolution Process of Economic Society-Sediment Transport-Ecology in the Yellow River Basin

为了科学解析多种用水过程之间的协调程度,基于多种用水部门间的竞争与协作关系,提出了协调度指标量化多过程用水协调程度。以黄河为例,量化了河道外经济社会、河道内输沙和河道内生态3种用水过程的协作度、竞争度和协调度长期演变过程,结果显示:1988—2019年黄河用水协作度和竞争度的均值分别为0.06和0.33;用水协调度变化范围为0.10~0.82(均值0.46),2002年之后呈升高—降低—升高的变化趋势,突变点分别为2012年和2016年;天然径流量、水量统一调度和水库调度模式均为影响黄河多用水过程协调度的重要因素。受径流量衰减、用水量增长等因素影响,黄河多用水过程协调度低的问题将长期存在。

In order to scientifically analyze the coordination degree between various water use processes,this paper proposed the coordination degree indicator to quantify the multiple water use process coordination degree based on the competition and cooperation relationship of multiple water users.Taking the Yellow River Basin as the study area,this paper quantified the long-term evolution process of cooperation degree,competition degree and coordination degree among 3 water use processes(off-stream water supply,in-stream sediment transport water and instream ecological water).The results show that during 1988-2019,the cooperation degree is low(mean value 0.06)while the competition degree is high(mean value 0.33);the coordination degree changes between 0.10-0.82(mean value 0.46);the coordination degree shows a trend of increasing-decreasing-increasing after 2002,and the mutation points are 2012 and 2016;natural runoff,unified water regulation and reservoir operation mode impact the coordination degree of multiple water use processes in the Yellow River Basin.Under the influence of runoff attenuation and water use growth,the low coordination degree of multiple water use processes will exist for a long time in the Yellow River Basin.