基于超效率SBM模型的黄河水资源利用效率评价

Evaluation of Water Resources Utilization Efficiency of the Yellow River Based on Super-Efficiency SBM Model

针对黄河流域生态环境脆弱、水资源匮乏且利用效率低、发展不协调等问题,基于超效率SBM模型,把水资源生态承载力和水资源生态足迹分别作为投入指标和非期望产出指标对2010—2019年黄河流域水资源利用效率进行评价。结果表明:2010—2019年大部分年份流域水资源生态足迹远高于水资源生态承载力,说明流域水资源长期处于被过度利用状态;黄河中下游省(区)的水资源利用效率普遍高于上游省(区)的水资源利用效率,原因在于节能环保产业主要集中于流域中下游省(区),上游省(区)经济发展方式偏粗放型;流域九省(区)中有4个省(区)的水资源全要素生产率低于1,纯技术效率和规模效率抑制了水资源全要素生产率的提高,水资源利用现状不容乐观。

Aiming at the issues of fragile ecological environment,lack of water resources,low utilization efficiency and uncoordinated development in the Yellow River Basin,based on the super-efficiency SBM model,taking the ecological carrying capacity of water resources and the ecological footprint of water resources as input indicators and unexpected output indicators,respectively,the water resources utilization efficiency in the Yellow River Basin from 2010 to 2019 was evaluated.The results show that the ecological footprint of water resources in the basin is much higher than the ecological carrying capacity of water resources in most years from 2010 to 2019.It shows that the water resources in the basin have been over-utilized for a long time.The water resources utilization efficiency of the provinces(regions)in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River is generally higher than that of the upstream provinces(regions),the reason is that the energy conservation and environmental protection industries are mainly concentrated in the middle and lower reaches of the river basin,and the economic development mode of the upstream areas is more extensive.The total factor productivity of water resources in four of the nine provinces(regions)in the basin is lower than 1.Pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency inhibit the improvement of total factor production efficiency of water resources,and the utilization of water resources is still not optimistic.