梯级水库旱限水量确定方法研究

Study on Determination Method of Drought Limit Water Volume of Cascade Reservoirs

在水库分级分期旱限水量确定方法的基础上,将梯级水库进行聚合,提出了聚合水库旱限水量确定方法。以汾河水库和汾河二库为研究对象,将两个水库概化成聚合水库,采用逆序递推的方法确定聚合水库的旱限水量,得到聚合水库在枯水期、农业灌溉期的旱警水量分别为29937万、23945万m^(3),旱保水量分别为18982万、13501万m^(3)。设置旱限水量后,典型干旱年(1965年6月—1966年5月)生活缺水月数从3个月降低至0,生态和工业缺水月数从5个月降为1个月;生活、工业和生态缺水量降低了2717万m^(3),农业缺水量增加了641万m^(3),可以看出旱限水量的制定对跨年干旱起到了调节作用。从各行业整体供水利益角度考虑,农业遭受的损失仍在可接受范围内,缺水量增加不大。旱限水量设置后,可通过小幅减少农业用水量,显著增加干旱年份生活用水和工业用水的供水量。

Based on the method of determining the drought limit water volume of reservoirs by stages,this paper polymerized the cascade reservoirs and proposed a method of determining the drought limit water volume of polymerized reservoir.Taking Fenhe Reservoir and FenheⅡReservoir as the research object,the two reservoirs were generalized into polymerized reservoir and the drought limit water volume of polymerized reservoir was determined by inverse recursive method.The drought warning water volume of polymerized reservoir in dry season and agricultural irrigation period is 299.37 million m^(3)and 239.45 million m^(3),and the drought guaranteed water volume is 189.82 m^(3)and 135.01 million m^(3).After setting drought limit water volume,the number of water shortage months for life,ecology and industry in typical drought years,from June 1965 to May 1966,is decreased from 3,5 and 5 to 0,1 and 1,individually 1 month.The water shortage in agriculture increases to6.41 million m^(3),but the water shortage of life,industry and ecology decreases to 27.17 million m^(3).It can be seen that the formulation of drought limit water volume has played a regulatory role in the cross drought year.From the perspective of the overall water supply interests of various industries,the losses suffered by agriculture are still within an acceptable range and the increase of water shortage is small.After setting drought limit water volume,the water supply of life and industry in dry years can be significantly improved by slightly reducing agricultural water supply.