长江沿岸带某工业园区土壤重金属空间分布特征及来源浅析

Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Sources of Heavy Metals in Soil ofan Industrial Park on the Yangtze River Coastal Zone

为了解长江沿岸带某工业园区土壤重金属污染状况,采集259件表层样和39件深层样,分析8种重金属元素(As、Hg、Cr、Ni、Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn)的含量,探讨重金属在水平方向和垂向上的分布特征,浅析重金属来源。研究表明,表层土壤中As、Hg、Cr、Ni、Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn含量分别为3.36~61.2、0.01~1.14、11.6~460、4.35~57.6、0.03~1.58、6.29~156、11.6~183、19.6~775μg/g,背景值分别为10.61、0.06、72.97、29.77、0.25、30.08、27.26、82.39μg/g。研究区土壤局部存在显著重金属污染,超标重金属主要为Hg、Cd、Pb、Zn、Cu。土壤中重金属在水平方向上有向长江迁移、汇聚的趋势,在垂向上有向下迁移、累积的趋势,并在地表以下0.5~1.0 m深度范围内富集。研究区污染源主要为工业、农业生产活动产生的重金属污染物,其迁移规律与区内地层岩性和地下水环境密切相关。研究成果可为长江沿岸带生态环境保护和修复提供依据。

In order to understand the pollution status of heavy metals in soil of an industrial park along the Yangtze River,259 surface samples and 39 deep samples are collected to analyze the contents of eight heavy metals(As,Hg,Cr,Ni,Cd,Cu,Pb,Zn),explore the distribution characteristics of heavy metals in horizontal and vertical directions,and analyze the sources of heavy metals.The results showes that the contents of As,Hg,Cr,Ni,Cd,Cu,Pb and Zn in surface soil are 3.36~61.2,0.01~1.14,11.6~460,4.35~57.6,0.03~1.58,6.29~156,11.60~183 and 19.60~775μg/g,respectively.The background values are 10.61,0.06,72.97,29.77,0.25,30.08,27.26 and 82.39μg/g,respectively.There are significant indigenous heavy metal pollution in the soil of the study area,and the excessive heavy metals are mainly Hg,Cd,Pb,Zn and Cu.Heavy metals in soil have the trend of migration and accumulation to the Yangtze River in horizontal direction,downward migration and accumulation in vertical direction,and enrichment in 0.5~1.0 m below the surface.The pollution sources in the study area are mainly heavy metal pollutants produced by industrial and agricultural production activities,and their migration laws are closely related to stratum lithology and groundwater environment.The research results can provide a basis for the ecological environment protection and restoration of the Yangtze River coastal zone.