人体成分分析在临床失能老年患者营养干预过程中营养评价的作用

The role of body composition analysis in the nutritional evaluation of disabled elderly patients during nutritional intervention

目的了解人体成分分析在失能老年患者营养干预过程中进行营养评价的价值和意义。方法2021年1月—2021年5月在因脑卒中失能而入院临床治疗和营养干预后的老年患者中,选取符合本次研究纳排要求的127例患者(男/女=52/75),经患者家属同意后,收集患者的基本资料、健康状况资料、营养干预后的血液指标,并进行人体成分检测,使用MNA⁃SF筛查其营养状况。采用SPSS 19.0软件进行数据统计分析各指标与患者营养状况的关系。结果127例失能老年患者平均年龄(84.0±8.0)岁,其中营养不良90例、营养不良风险37例。Pearson检验分析结果显示:临床失能老年患者营养状况与基础代谢量、上臂围、矿物质、蛋白质、体水分、肌肉量、骨骼肌指数、推定骨量、细胞内液、细胞外液、体细胞量具有弱相关性(0.2<r<0.4,P<0.01);与小腿围、体质量指数(BMI)、内脏脂肪面积、体脂率、体脂肪量有中、强度相关性(r=0.48、0.82、0.56、0.55、0.72,P<0.01),但与血液指标无相关性。结论人体成分分析可以应用在临床老年失能患者的营养干预中的评估以及营养监测。

Objective To understand the values and significance of body composition analysis in the nutritional evaluation of disabled elderly patients during nutritional intervention.Methods From January 2021 to May 2021,127 patients(male/female=42/75)who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study were selected from the elderly patients who were admitted to hospital for clinical treatment and nutritional intervention due to stroke disability.With the consent of the patient􀆳s family,the patient􀆳s basic information,health status data,blood indexes and body composition analysis data after nutritional intervention were collected.Their nutritional status was screened by MNASF.SPSS 19 software was used to analyze the relationship between each index and the nutritional status of patients.Results The average age of 127 disabled elderly patients was(84.0±8.0)years old,including 90 cases with malnutrition and 37 cases with malnutrition risk.The results of Pearson test analysis showed that the nutritional status of clinically disabled elderly patients was weakly correlated with basal metabolic capacity,upper arm circumference,minerals,protein,body water,muscle mass,skeletal muscle index,estimated bone mass,intracellular fluid,extracellular fluid,and somatic cell mass(0.2<r<0.4,P<0.01).Among them,there were moderate and strong correlations with calf circumference,body mass index(BMI),visceral fat area,body fat percentage and body fat volume(r=0.48,0.82,0.56,0.55,0.72,P<0.01),but there was no correlation with blood indexes.Conclusion Body composition analysis can be used for nutritional evaluation and monitoring during nutritional intervention for the disabled elderly patients.