白花菜籽油的制备及脂肪酸组成分析

Preparation and Fatty Acid Composition Analysis of Seed Oil from Cleome gynandra

采用溶剂浸提法提取白花菜籽油,对其提取工艺条件进行了研究,并用气相色谱法对其脂肪酸的种类和相对含量进行了测定。结果显示,以异丙醇为浸提溶剂,料液比(质量体积比)为1∶7,浸提时间为60 min,浸提温度为60℃时,白花菜籽油的提取率最高为28.4%。利用气相色谱鉴定出14种脂肪酸,主要有亚油酸(62.65%)、油酸(20.66%)、棕榈酸(10.98%)、硬脂酸(4.18%),饱和脂肪酸质量分数为15.68%,不饱和脂肪酸质量分数为84.32%,其中单不饱和脂肪酸质量分数为21.01%,二不饱和脂肪酸质量分数为62.65%,三不饱和脂肪酸质量分数为0.67%。

The solvent-extraction methodis used to extract the oil from the seeds of Cleome gynandra and optimize the extraction process conditions,followed by adopting the gas chromatography to determine the category and content of oil fatty acid from the Cleome gynandra seeds.The results indicated that the highest extraction ratio of seeds oil from Cleome gynandra was 28.4%under the extraction process condition of 60℃for 60 min with the solid-liquid ratio of 1∶7.Fourteen fatty acids were identified by GC in the extracted oil from Cleome gynandra seeds,and the major fatty acids were four kinds,i.e.,linoleic acid(62.65%),oleic acid(20.66%),palmitic acid(10.98%),stearic acid(4.18%).The results indicated that the oil from Cleome gynandra seeds contained 15.68%saturated fatty acids and 84.32%unsaturated fatty acids which were composed of 20.01%mono-unsaturated fatty acids,62.65%di-unsaturated fatty acids,and 0.67%tri-unsaturated fatty acids.