慢性哮喘对口腔健康影响的研究进展

Progress of research on the effects of chronic asthma on oral health

哮喘是一种常见的慢性呼吸系统疾病,以慢性气道炎症为主要特征,患者可出现咳嗽、喘息及可逆的气流受限等症状。已有研究表明,哮喘不仅对呼吸系统产生影响,还对口腔微生态及健康产生影响,如导致口腔唾液流量、pH值、缓冲能力、唾液成分发生改变,进而导致患者口腔内菌群变化,增加龋病、牙周病等口腔疾病的发生风险等。哮喘用药、哮喘严重程度和持续时间、哮喘相关继发疾病也是影响哮喘患者口腔健康的重要因素。因此,本文通过文献回顾,就哮喘对口腔健康的影响作一综述,为哮喘患者及口腔医生临床工作提供参考。

Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease.It is mainly characterized by chronic airway inflammation.Patients can experience symptoms such as coughing,wheezing,and reversible airflow limitation.Studies have shown that asthma has an impact not only on the respiratory system,but also on oral microecology and health,such as changes in salivary flow rate,pH,buffering capacity,and salivary composition.These changes lead to changes in the oral flora of patients and increases the risk of oral diseases such as dental caries and periodontal disease.Asthma medication,the severity and duration of asthma and asthma-related secondary diseases are also important factors that affect oral health of asthma patients.Therefore,this article reviews the impact of asthma on oral health through literature review,and provides clinical reference for both asthma patients and dentists.