山西省农业源PM_(10)排放清单及特征研究

Emission Inventory and Characteristics of PM_(10) from Agricultural Activities in Shanxi Province

文章采用排放因子法计算了山西省2014-2018年农业源PM_(10)的排放量,分析了PM_(10)的变化趋势及排放特征,并编制了2018年山西省农业源PM_(10)的排放清单。结果表明:(1)2018年山西省农业源PM_(10)年排放总量为6.1×10^(4) t,运城市和临汾市是排放量最大的2个地区,分别贡献了总量的16.85%和16.70%。秸秆焚烧和整地环节是产生PM_(10)的主要来源,贡献率为42%和37%。2014-2018年山西省农业源PM_(10)年平均排放量为6.3×10^(4) t,且年际变化小。(2)山西省农业源PM_(10)排放量空间分布特征整体呈南北高,中部低的态势,运城市、临汾市和忻州市为高排放区,平均排放量为0.94×10^(4) t。晋城市、太原市和阳泉市是低排放区,其他各市为中度排放区。山西省各市农业源PM_(10)排放密度范围在14.5~18.7 kg/hm^(2),其中长治市、临汾市和忻州市为高排放密度区,平均排放密度为18.6 kg/hm^(2)。中度排放密度区分布在山西省东部地区(晋中市、晋城市和阳泉市),其他各市排放密度相对较低。(3)山西省农业源PM_(10)排放主要集中在4、9、10月,分别占全年排放总量的18.94%、16.47%、27.07%。(4)研究估算各农业源PM_(10)排放量的平均不确定性为203.1%。

The emission factor method was used to calculate the PM_(10) emission from agricultural activities in Shanxi Province from 2014 to 2018,the change trend of PM_(10) and the emission characteristics of PM_(10) from agricultural activities in each city of the Province were analyzed,and the PM_(10) emission inventory of agricultural activities in 2018 was compiled.Re⁃sults showed that in 2018,the annual total emission of PM_(10) from agricultural sources in Shanxi Province was 6.1×10^(4) t.Yuncheng and Linfen were the two regions with the largest emissions,contributing 16.85%and 16.70%,respectively.Straw burning and land preparation were the main sources of PM_(10),contributing 42%and 37%,respectively.From 2014 to 2018,the annual average emissions of PM_(10) from agricultural sources in Shanxi Province were 6.3×10^(4) t,and the inter-annual variation was small.The spatial distribution characteristics of PM_(10) emissions from agricultural sources are high in the north and south,low in the middle.Yuncheng,Linfen and Xinzhou are high emission areas,with an average emission of 0.94×10^(4) t.Jincheng,Taiyuan and Yangquan are low emission areas,while other cities are moderate emission areas.The emission density of PM_(10) from agricultural sources ranged from 14.5 to 18.7 kg/hm^(2).Changzhi,Linfen and Xinzhou are high emission density areas,with an average emission density of 18.6 kg/hm^(2).The moderate emission density is distributed in the eastern part of Shanxi Province(Jinzhong,Jincheng and Yangquan),while the emission density of other cities is relatively low.PM_(10) emissions from agricultural sources are mainly concentrated in April,September and October,accounting for 18.94%,16.47%and 27.07%of the total annual emissions,respectively.The average uncertainty of PM_(10) emissions from all agricultural sources was estimated to be 203.1%.