钢琴运输包装设计及有限元仿真分析

Design of Piano Transportation Packaging and Finite Element Analysis

针对钢琴这种含有精密零件且质量较大的产品,选用力学性能优良的瓦楞纸板环保材料,设计一页折叠成型、卡扣连接的缓冲衬垫与运输箱,对钢琴起到缓冲防护作用的同时,还可以减少胶带的使用,便于开箱和循环再使用;将钢琴底座固定到EPE-木质缓冲托盘上,便于对钢琴进行叉车装卸。通过ABAQUS有限元软件对钢琴的运输包装进行叉取装卸时的冲击仿真分析,模拟计算包装件受到的最大应力和冲击加速度。结果表明,钢琴运输包装受到的最大应力为8.7 MPa,发生在钢琴琴脚处,未超过琴脚材料的屈服应力,未发生破损;最大冲击加速度为78 m/s^(2),说明底部的EPE-木质缓冲托盘吸收了大量的冲击能,对钢琴起到了很好的缓冲防护作用。由瓦楞纸板缓冲垫、瓦楞纸箱、EPE-木质缓冲托盘组成的钢琴运输包装不仅避免了钢琴在装卸搬运过程中的冲击损坏,而且符合环保、可持续发展的绿色运输包装设计趋势。

For products of precision parts and big weight such as piano,by using corrugated cardboard environmental protection materials with excellent mechanical properties,one-page folding forming and buckle connection cushion and transport box was designed to provide buffering for the piano,while reduce the use of adhesive tape and facilitate unpacking and recycling.The base of the piano was fixed to the EPE-wooden buffer tray to facilitate forklift loading and unloading of the piano.ABAQUS finite element software was used to simulate and analyze the impacts on the piano transportation packaging during forklift picking and unloading,and the maximum stress and impact acceleration of the package were simulated.The results showed that the maximum stress was 8.7 MPa,sustained at the piano foot,but not exceeding the material yield stress,which caused no damage.The maximum impact acceleration was 78 m/s^(2),showing EPE-wooden cushion tray at the bottom absorbed a lot of impact energy,and played a good buffering protection role.The piano transportation packaging composed of corrugated cardboard cushion,corrugated box and EPE-wooden buffer tray not only avoided the impact damage of the piano in the process of loading,unloading and handling,but also conformed to the trend of environmental protection and sustainable development of green transportation packaging design.