新时代城乡要素双向流动与城乡融合发展的深层思考

Further Consideration on the Two-Way Flow of Urban and Rural Elements and Integrated Development of Urban and Rural Areas in the New Era

我国农村发展是建立在要素流动的基础上。20世纪90年代以前,由于城乡二元结构还没有被突破,生产要素只能在农村范围内流动,从而带动了农村的大发展,城乡差别保持在较低的水平。20世纪90年代以后,城乡二元结构逐渐被局部性突破,部分农村要素随之由低效率的农业部门流向高效率的城市二、三产业,在带动国民经济快速增长的同时,城乡差别也因此呈不断扩大的趋势。党的十八大提出新型城镇化,党的十九大提出乡村振兴战略,就是为了推动城乡要素双向流动,促进城乡融合发展,让广大农民共享改革开放成果,最终实现共同富裕。

China’s rural development is built on the basis of the elements’ flow.Before the 1990 s, because the dual structure of urban and rural areas hadn’t been broken through, and the elements of production could only flow in the rural area, the villages were promoted to develop greatly and the difference between urban and rural areas remained at a low level.After the 1990 s, the dual structure of urban and rural areas has been gradually broken through partially, and some rural elements have subsequently flowed from the inefficient agricultural sectors into the efficient urban secondary and tertiary industries.While driving the rapid growth of the national economy, it also makes the difference between urban and rural areas expand continuously.The new urbanization proposed at the 18 th national congress, and the rural revitalization strategy proposed at the 19 th national congress, all aim at the promotion of two-way flow of elements between urban and rural areas, and the promotion of integrated development between urban and rural areas, so as to enable the farmers in China to share the fruits of reform and opening up, and ultimately achieve the common prosperity.