血管性痴呆患者社区获得性肺炎的相关因素分析

Analysis on the related factors of community acquired pneumonia in patients with vascular dementia

目的:分析住院血管性痴呆(VD)患者社区获得性肺炎(CAP)的相关因素,为有效制订感染预防和控制策略提供参考依据。方法:回顾性分析126例住院VD患者的临床资料,调查患者的CAP情况,并对感染患者和未感染患者的一般资料、脑血管疾病危险因素、临床症状和体征进行对比,分析CAP的影响因素。结果:21例患者发生CAP,感染率为16.67%。感染组患者的吸烟史、营养不良、长期卧床、糖尿病、球麻痹比例高于未感染组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic多元回归模型分析显示,VD患者合并CAP的发生与吸烟史、糖尿病、球麻痹具有相关性(P<0.05)。结论:VD患者的CAP风险与行为因素、基础疾病、脑血管疾病后遗症多种因素有关,对患者的感染风险应开展全面评价,及时预防干预。

Objective:To analyze the related factors of community acquired pneumonia(CAP)in hospitalized patients with vascular dementia(VD),so as to provide research evidence for effective infection prevention and control strategy.Methods:The clinical data of 126 hospitalized VD patients were analyzed retrospectively.The incidence of CAP in the patients were investigated by consulting medical records.The general data,the cerebrovascular disease related risk factors,the clinical syndrome and signs,between the infected patients and the uninfected patients were compared and the influencing factors of CAP were analyzed.Results:There were 21 patients with CAP,the infection rate was 16.67%.The proportions of smoking history,malnutrition,long-term bed rest,diabetes mellitus and bulbar paralysis of the patients in the infection group were higher than those in the non infection group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Logistic multiple regression model analysis showed that the incidence of CAP in VD patients was correlated with smoking history,diabetes mellitus and bulbar palsy(P<0.05).Conclusion:The risk of CAP in hospitalized VD patients is related to behavioral factors,basic diseases and sequelae of cerebrovascular diseases.Clinicians should comprehensively evaluate the risk of infection and take targeted preventive measures in time,so as to reduce the risk of infection and improve the prognosis of patients.