基层医院产妇纯母乳喂养行为态度及影响因素研究

Study on maternal attitude and influencing factors of exclusive breastfeeding in primary hospitals

目的:探讨基层医院产妇纯母乳喂养行为态度及相关影响因素。方法:选取200名产妇进行调查问卷,采用母乳喂养知识量表、母乳喂养自我效能量表评估产妇纯母乳喂养知识掌握情况、行为态度;利用单因素分析与分层回归法,分析各因素对产妇纯母乳喂养行为态度的影响。结果:产妇的纯母乳喂养知识掌握情况总评分为(15.69±2.94)分,纯母乳喂养知识较差组人群占68.50%(137/200),纯母乳喂养行为态度总评分为(110.01±17.61)分。单因素分析显示,除分娩方式外,产妇在年龄、居住地、学历、月收入情况、工作状态、喂养方式、爱人对纯母乳喂养支持态度、纯母乳喂养知识掌握情况、纯母乳喂养行为态度的评分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);分层回归分析最终模型共纳入年龄、居住地、学历、月收入情况、工作状态、喂养方式、爱人对纯母乳喂养支持态度、喂养知识掌握情况等8个变量,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:川东北地区产妇纯母乳喂养知识、态度及行为水平有待提高,建议基层医院加强对产妇母乳喂养知识宣传的宽度和深度。

Objective:To explore the attitude and related influencing factors of exclusive breastfeeding in primary hospitals.Methods:200 pregnant women were selected to conduct a questionnaire,and the breastfeeding knowledge scale and breastfeeding self-efficacy energy scale were used to assess the knowledge mastery and behavior attitude of maternal exclusive breastfeeding in the postpartum period,and the influence of each factor on the attitude of exclusive breastfeeding behavior of women was analyzed by using univariate analysis and stratified regression method.Results:The overall score of maternal exclusive breastfeeding knowledge was(15.69±2.94),with 68.50%(137/200)of the population with poor exclusive breastfeeding knowledge and the overall score of exclusive breastfeeding behavior attitudes(110.01±17.61).Univariate analysis showed that except for the mode of delivery,there were statistically signtficant in the scores of women in terms of age,place of residence,education,monthly income,work status,feeding style,lover's attitude to exclusive breastfeeding support,and exclusive breastfeeding knowledge mastery(P<0.05),the final model of the hierarchical regression analysis included eight variables such as age,place of residence,education,monthly income,working status,feeding mode,lover's support attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding,and feeding knowledge mastery,which were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The knowledge,attitude and behavior level of exclusive breastfeeding of pregnant women in northeast Sichuan need to be improved,and it is recommended that grass-roots hospitals strengthen the breadth and depth of maternal breastfeeding knowledge publicity.