交通运输业不同方式碳排放因子水平比较研究

Comparative of Carbon Emission Factor Levels in Different Modes of Transportation Industry

交通部门的温室气体排放在全球约占24%左右,控制交通部门碳排放对于实现碳中和具有重要意义。在分析各交通方式碳排放过程的基础上,提出了交通碳排放因子的影响因素,通过不同运输方式的碳排放因子测算模型,比较了各种方式碳排放因子的水平。研究表明:航空碳排放因子显著高于其他运输方式,其次为公路、铁路和水路运输。与美国相关碳排放因子的比较表明:除航空货运外,我国各方式客运和货运碳排放因子均低于美国;我国铁路换算运输密度是美国的4.4倍,货运和客运碳排放因子是美国的50%和81.56%。

The transportation sector is responsible for about 24% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Controlling the carbon emissions from the transportation sector is of great significance to achieve carbon neutrality. Based on analyzing the carbon emission process of various transportation modes, this paper analyzes the influencing factors of carbon emission factors of different transportation modes. Through the calculation model of carbon emission factors of different transportation modes, the size of carbon emission factors of various modes is analyzed. The research showed that the carbon emission factor of air transport is significantly higher than other modes of transport, followed by road, railway and water transport. Compared with the United States, the carbon emission factors of passenger transportation and freight transportation in China are all lower than those in the United States except air freight, China′s railway transport density is 4.4 times than that of the United States, and the carbon emission factor of freight and passenger transport is 50% and 81.56% of that of the United States.