肝硬化患者门静脉血栓形成合并消化道出血的研究进展

Research advances in the treatment of portal vein thrombosis and gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis

肝硬化患者门静脉血栓形成(PVT)近年来逐渐被重视,可导致肝硬化患者门静脉压力升高,加重食管胃底静脉曲张,甚至破裂出血。本文回顾了国内外肝硬化患者PVT合并消化道出血的流行病学、机制及不同情况下的治疗进展。PVT合并消化道出血的具体治疗方法及抗凝药的使用剂量及疗程等方面国内外仍存在争议,未来仍需大量高证据级别研究来明确其详细治疗方法。

Portal vein thrombosis(PVT)in patients with liver cirrhosis has attracted more and more attention in recent years,and it can increase portal venous pressure in patients with liver cirrhosis,aggravate esophageal and gastric varices,and even lead to rupture and bleeding.This article reviews the advances in the epidemiology,mechanism,and treatment of PVT with gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis under different conditions in China and globally.There are still controversies over the specific treatment method for PVT with gastrointestinal bleeding and the dose and course of anticoagulants at home and abroad,and a large number of high-evidence studies are still needed to clarify the detailed treatment methods for such diseases in the future.