智能道路无线充电系统耦合线圈互操作性分析

Research and Analysis on Coupling Coils of Wireless Charging Systems for Intelligent Road

无线充电线圈的互操作性是智能道路无线充电系统的关键性能指标。为分析耦合线圈的互操作性,首先建立了无线充电系统及耦合线圈的仿真模型,选取了3种不同形状和对应尺寸的线圈作为发射线圈和接收线圈,利用COMSOL Multiphysics有限元仿真软件,分别分析了不同形状和尺寸以及不同组合形式线圈对无线电能传输系统效率和耦合线圈互操作性的影响。另外,采用MATLAB/Simulink对无线充电系统的传输效率进行了仿真分析。为验证仿真结果的准确性,对无线电能传输的试验装置进行了测试验证。研究结果表明:随着线圈传输间距的不断增加,线圈的自感不变而互感不断降低,同时其耦合系数和系统的输出效率也会随之减小;圆形线圈的互操作性优于方形线圈,其中方形-方形耦合线圈互操作性最差,圆形-圆形耦合线圈互操作性最优,其最大传输间距提升9%~12%;大尺寸线圈的互操作性优于小尺寸线圈,且线圈尺寸的变化对于互操作性的影响大于线圈形状。研究结果为智能道路无线充电系统设计提供了理论依据。

The interoperability of wireless charging coils is a key performance indicator for the intelligent road wireless charging systems. In order to analyze the interoperability of the coupling coil, this paper established the simulation model of the wireless charging system and the coupling coil firstly. The three coils of different shapes and corresponding sizes were selected as the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, using the software COMSOL Multiphysics to analyze the influence of the combination of different coil shapes and sizes on the efficiency of the wireless transmission system and the interoperability of different coupling coils. Moreover, Matlab/Simulink was used to simulate the transmission efficiency of the wireless charging system. In order to analyze the accuracy of the simulation results, the experimental device transmitted by wireless energy was tested and verified in our lab. The results are demonstrated that with the continuous increase of the transmission distance of the coil, the self-inductance of the coil is unchanged and the mutual inductance is continuously reduced, and the coupling coefficient and the output efficiency of the system are also continuously reduced. The interoperability of circular coils is better than that of square coils, among which the interoperability of square-square coupled coils is the worst, and the interoperability of circular-circular coupled coils is the best. Its maximum transmission distance is increased by 9%-12%. The final results are also shown that the large size coil has better interoperability than the small size coil, and the size of the coil has more influence on interoperability than the shape of the coil. The final results provide a theoretical basis for the intelligent road wireless charging system.